Developing a dynamic supply chain for renewable electric power distribution: a case study for EgyptHassanin, Islam (Avtor) Knez, Matjaž (Mentor) Muneer, Tariq (Komentor) distribucijaelektrična energijaoskrbovalna verigasistemska dinamikaThe global pursuit of sustainable energy underscores the urgent need to secure reliable energy supplies while mitigating environmental degradation, pollution, and biodiversity loss. Renewable energy, particularly solar and wind power, offers a viable path toward energy security and sustainability. However, its effective integration requires optimized supply chain management addressing generation and distribution challenges. This study investigates the dynamics of renewable energy supply chains with a focus on Egypt, a country with high renewable potential but continued reliance on fossil fuels. Egypt’s growing population, industrial expansion, and strategic location as a regional energy hub amplify the urgency to develop an efficient renewable energy framework. Despite ambitious targets set under the Integrated Sustainable Energy Strategy (ISES) 2035, systemic inefficiencies persist, including inadequate storage, fragmented distribution networks, and an underdeveloped downstream supply chain. Using system dynamics modeling, the research constructs a simulation of Egypt’s downstream renewable electricity supply chain to capture nonlinearities, feedback loops, and policy interactions over time. The model integrates technical, economic, environmental, and social dimensions, supported by empirical data from stakeholder surveys and national statistics. Causal Loop Diagrams and Stock-and-Flow Diagrams were developed using VENSIM to test three different scenarios reflecting varying solar–wind energy mixes. Scenario analysis (2023–2035) reveals that while Egypt’s government plan performs best in energy efficiency and emission reduction, a balanced mix provides greater resilience, economic stability, and social inclusion. The findings highlight that optimized supply chain design, especially in downstream logistics, is essential for improving grid stability, minimizing losses, and enhancing regional energy equity. The study also employs GIS-based spatial analysis to identify optimal locations that minimize transmission costs and align renewable generation with infrastructure. This integration of spatial and system dynamic modeling offers a comprehensive decision-support framework for policymakers. The model enables scenario testing and performance forecasting, supporting data-driven energy planning and investment prioritization. Policy recommendations include extending the ISES strategic horizon beyond 2035, introducing risk-sharing mechanisms, strengthening public-private partnerships, and adopting adaptive tariff and subsidy frameworks to sustain financial viability. The research also proposes incorporating carbon pricing and stricter emission regulations to accelerate Egypt’s energy transition and attract private sector engagement. The study contributes theoretically by integrating system dynamics and geospatial analytics into renewable energy modeling, empirically by incorporating survey-based insight data, and practically by providing a dynamic decision-support tool for Egypt’s renewable energy sector. While focused on electricity from a solar–wind hybrid system, future research should extend the model to include other renewable sources, upstream and production processes, and expanded social and environmental indicators such as per capita CO₂ emissions.I. Hassanin20252025-10-17 14:02:47Doktorsko delo/naloga95742sl