Macromolecular inks of nanocellulose-alginate for direct-ink-writingSlaček, Gal (Avtor) Mohan, Tamilselvan (Avtor) Kotnik, Petra (Avtor) Steindorfer, Tobias Alexander (Avtor) Beaumont, Marco (Avtor) Knez, Željko (Avtor) Knez Marevci, Maša (Avtor) Stana-Kleinschek, Karin (Avtor) nanocellulosealginatecurcumin extractsupercritical-CO2antioxidantantimicrobial properties3D-printingWe present a scalable platform for the fabrication of multifunctional bioactive materials by integrating, polysaccharide-based matrices, green extraction and additive manufacturing. In this work, bioactive 3D-printed structures were fabricated using inks composed of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), alginate (Alg), and curcumin extracts. Bioactive compounds were efficiently recovered from turmeric via solvent-free supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, yielding up to 6.57 mg/100 g curcuminoids and 232.45 mg/100 g total phenols. The extracts exhibited robust antioxidant activity (DPPH• IC50: 23.24 mg/mL; ABTS+• IC50: 3.59 mg/mL) and broad-spectrum antimicrobial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC: 9.38 mg/mL). Incorporation into NFC-Alg inks exhibited excellent shear-thinning properties suitable for direct-ink-writing 3D printing. Post-printing CaCl2 crosslinking further reinforced the hydrogel network, enhancing mechanical robustness and shape fidelity. The resulting constructs featured a highly porous, grid-like architecture with intricate surface morphology, highlighting significant potential for biomedical and tissue engineering applications.Elsevier20262025-12-08 11:32:51Članek v reviji96175UDK: 66COBISS_ID: 259537923DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.149261ISSN pri članku: 1879-0003sl© 2025 The Authors