20.500.12556/DKUM-100037 Zavest, mišljenje in etika med človeško in umetno inteligenco magistrsko delo Consciousness, thinking, and ethics in human and artificial intelligence V magistrski nalogi smo obravnavali razmerje med človeško in umetno inteligenco skozi prizmo treh temeljnih filozofskih vprašanj: zavesti, mišljenja in etike. Izhodišče naloge je predstavljala teza, da so filozofski pojmi mišljenja in zavesti zgodovinsko spremenljivi ter da jih je v luči sodobnega razvoja umetne inteligence treba ponovno ovrednotiti in reinterpretirati. Pri tem smo zagovarjali stališče, da bistvene razlike med človeškim in umetnim sistemom ni mogoče utemeljiti zgolj z razliko v njunem biološkem oz. materialnem substratu. V prvem poglavju smo se posvetili prikazu zgodovinskega razvoja pojmov mišljenja in zavesti – od Descartesovega dualizma substanc, prek Lockove empiristične teorije tabule rase in Kantove transcendentalne filozofije do funkcionalističnih, fenomenalnih in intencionalnih teorij 20. stoletja. V drugem poglavju smo umetno inteligenco obravnavali kot filozofski izziv. Analizirali smo Rylovo kritiko kartezijanskega dualizma, Turingov test in funkcionalistične poglede na mišljenje ter Searlov argument iz kitajske sobe. Poglavje smo zaključili z razmislekom o možnosti zavesti pri umetni inteligenci ter z vprašanjem, ali je mogoče tudi človeka v določenem smislu razumeti kot 'programirano' bitje. V tretjem poglavju pa smo se posvetili etičnim vprašanjem, ki jih odpira umetna inteligenca, zlasti vprašanjem moralne odgovornosti, antropocentričnih pristranosti, dehumanizacije na trgu dela ter vprašanju mesta in mej umetne inteligence. V zaključnem delu smo kot možnega kandidata za relevantno razliko med človekom in umetnim sistemom predlagali pojem eksistencialnega trenja, ki ga razumemo kot potencialno substratno neodvisno funkcionalno značilnost sistema, povezano s konfliktnimi cilji, vrednotenjem preteklih odločitev in njihovim vplivom na nadaljnje ravnanje. Naloga je bila zasnovana kot filozofska analiza. Uporabili smo deskriptivno, analitično, komparativno in interpretativno metodo. This master's thesis examines the relationship between human and artificial intelligence through the lens of three fundamental philosophical questions: consciousness, thought, and ethics. The starting point of the thesis is the assumption that the philosophical concepts of thought and consciousness are historically variable and subject to change, and that they must be reassessed and reinterpreted in light of the contemporary development of artificial intelligence. In doing so, we argued that the biological or material substrate alone does not constitute a sufficient criterion for establishing an essential difference between human and artificial systems. The first chapter presents the historical development of the concepts of thought and consciousness, ranging from Descartes' substance dualism, Locke's empiricist theory of the tabula rasa, and Kant's transcendental philosophy to the functionalist, phenomenal, and intentional theories of the twentieth century. The second chapter approaches artificial intelligence as a philosophical challenge. It analyzes Ryle's critique of Cartesian dualism, the Turing Test and functionalist perspectives on thought, as well as Searle's Chinese Room argument. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the possibility of consciousness in artificial intelligence and the question of whether human beings themselves can, in a certain sense, be understood as "programmed" entities. The third chapter addresses the ethical issues raised by artificial intelligence, particularly questions of moral responsibility, anthropocentric bias, dehumanization in the labor market, and the role and limits of artificial intelligence. In the concluding part, we propose the concept of existential friction as a possible candidate for a relevant difference between humans and artificial systems, understanding it as a potentially substrate-independent functional characteristic of a system, associated with conflicting goals, the evaluation of past decisions, and their influence on subsequent behavior. The thesis is conceived as a philosophical analysis. The research employs descriptive, analytical, comparative, and interpretative methods. zavest mišljenje umetna inteligenca etika funkcionalizem consciousness thought artificial intelligence ethics functionalism true true false A. Jeršič Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2026-09-02 17:10:15 2026-09-28 09:40:02 2026-09-28 09:40:05 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 Maribor 0 Maribor 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (VI, 95 str.)) 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 1:004.8(043.2) 292648451 MAG_Jersic_Alja_2026.pdf MAG_Jersic_Alja_2026.pdf 1 72DA283212C7C05F533973D580C06C67 683f08ff72b0aeb63408d7b79e2123e50ed699857532801e94a4c1f1ed69a8b5 ca27baca-a6e0-11f1-aef5-00155d0001be https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=211341 Filozofska fakulteta 0 0 0