20.500.12556/DKUM-10952 Taborišče Teharje in amnestija leta 1945 Labour camp Teharje and amnesty in 1945 Eden najtemnejših, če ne celo najtemnejši madež slovenske zgodovine, je nastal v letu 1945 tik po koncu druge svetovne vojne. To temno obdobje je zaznamovano z državljansko vojno, z revolucijo, z begi iz domovine, nesrečno vrnitvijo vanjo, s koncentracijskimi taborišči in množičnimi poboji. Ko so bili pripadniki domobranskih enot vrnjeni nazaj v Slovenijo, so bili najprej deportirani v koncentracijska taborišča širom po Sloveniji. Eno od takih je bilo tudi taborišče Teharje. Tja so namestili množico domobrancev, njihovih pomožnih enot, civilistov, ki so jih spremljali. Torej; v istem taborišču so se znašli tako civilisti, ki so spremljali domobrance, kot tudi drugi, ki so bili zaprti bodisi zaradi kolaboracije ali posedovanja dobrin, ki si jih je zaželela nova oblast. Nova oblast, bolje rečeno osvobodilna fronta (OF) pod vodstvom komunistične partije (KP), je prevzela oblast na vseh področjih, to se je odražalo tudi v sodstvu, ki je začelo vsebovati prvine socialističnega prava, še prej pa so z dekretom ukinili predvojno pravo. To je vodilo v pravni nered, v katerem so se dogajali montirani procesi in montirane obsodbe. Veliko večino zaprtih domobrancev, ki so jih pred tem razdelili v skupine, so izvensodno pobili. Preživeli, v primeru Teharij sta bili to skupini B in A, ki so ju sestavljali mladoletni domobranci, pa so bili na milost in nemilost prepuščeni življenju v koncentracijskem taborišču. Velik del jih je bil obsojen zaradi pripadnosti domobranskim enotam. Vojaško sodišče v Celju je obsodilo 405 zapornikov. Obsojeni so bili na različno dolge kazni odvzema svobode s prisilnim delom in odvzemom državljanskih in političnih pravic. Tega jih je odrešila amnestija, ki je bila razglašena 3. 8. 1945 in po kateri se je iz taborišča Teharje v svobodo napotilo 369 amnestirancev. Amnestirani pa niso bili le bivši domobranci, temveč tudi civilne osebe. Za nekatere med njimi obstajajo obsodbeni dokumenti, za druge pa le dva seznama, eden popolnoma amnestiranih in drugi delno amnestiranih. Slednji so v taborišču dalje prestajali kazen, še v času, ko se je taborišče jeseni 1945 preoblikovalo v kazensko taborišče Teharje. One of the darkest, if not the darkest chapter of Slovenia's history dates to 1945, shortly after the conclusion of World War II. This dark period was marked by a civil war, revolution, by fleeing the homeland and an ill-fated return, by concentration camps and mass executions. After members of the Slovene Home Guard (SD - Slovensko domobranstvo) had been returned to Slovenia, they were deported to concentration camps across Slovenia, one of these being the Teharje concentration camp. Many SD members were placed there, along with their supporting units and the civilians who had been accompanying them, as well as others, who were imprisoned for collaboration or for possessing goods that the new government desired. The new government, more precisely the Liberation Front (OF - Osvobodilna Fronta) under the leadership of the Communist Party (KP - Komunistična partija) seized power in all branches of government. This was also evident in the administration of justice, where elements of socialist law were introduced, preceded by a decree abolishing the pre-war legislation. This led to a legal disorder, in which many show trials were held, and sentences passed out. The vast majority of SD members, who were divided into groups, were executed without trial. The survivors, in the case of Teharje consisting of juvenile SD members (the groups B and A), were left at the mercy of the life in the concentration camp. Most were convicted for being SD members; the court-martial in Celje convicted 405 prisoners. They were sentenced to varying terms of forced labor, and stripped of their citizens’ rights and political rights. They were freed by a general amnesty, declared on 3 August 1945; afterwards 369 amnestees walked out of Teharje free. In addition to former SD members, civilians were also granted amnesty. Court documents exist for some of them, the others are listed on two lists – the persons on the first list were granted full amnesty, while the other list consists of persons granted partial amnesty. The latter remained in Teharje to serve their sentence; during that time the camp was transformed into a penal camp. Ključne besede: taborišče Teharje domobranci amnestija poboji montirani procesi politika in sodstvo leta 1945 vojaška sodišča. Key words: Teharje concentration camp Slovene Home Guard amnesty executions show trials politics and the administration of justice in 1945 court-martial true true false [T. Potočnik] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo 2009-06-17 08:57:11 2009-08-22 12:13:14 2023-09-08 13:25:21 2023-09-09 03:18:35 2009 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 93/94(043.2) 17063944 URN:SI:UM:DK:SUYBDUBL UNI_Potocnik_Terezija_2009.pdf UNI_Potocnik_Terezija_2009.pdf 1 F0904413500EA501AEA7BAD10BD21424 6f438b4a947c82a1e6bd2285bf09c30c9dd5c367172400475a4a03223aaf41ac f98ec326-7c02-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca 20.500.12556/dkum/c9288cb4-77ff-485a-8d13-077467fb11c7 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=9367 Filozofska fakulteta 0 0 0