20.500.12556/DKUM-13629 RAZMEJEVANJE MED GOSPODARSKIMI PREKRŠKI IN GOSPODARSKIMI KAZNIVIMI DEJANJI DISTINCTION BETWEEN MINOR ECONOMIC OFFENCES AND ECONOMIC CRIMINAL OFFENCES Kazniva dejanja in prekrški so vrsta kaznivih ravnanj, h katerim nekateri teoretiki štejejo tudi disciplinske prestopke. Razmejujejo se predvsem glede na to, kako škodljivo oziroma nevarno je neko ravnanje za določeno dobrino in glede na stopnjo protipravnosti. Temu primerno bi zakonodajalec moral ustrezno določiti neko ravnanje kot kaznivo dejanje ali pa kot prekršek. Kazniva dejanja v splošnem kot v posebnem delu ureja Kazenski zakonik (KZ-1). Splošne določbe prekrškov ureja Zakon o prekrških (ZP-1), posebne določbe pa so razpršene po posameznih področnih zakonih. Ravno obratno pa je pri postopku, ki je za prekrške urejen v ZP-1, kazenski postopek pa je urejen v Zakonu o kazenskem postopku (ZKP). Gospodarsko kazensko pravo je poseben del kazenskega prava, ki varuje predvsem dobrine iz sfere gospodarstva. V širšem smislu gospodarsko kazensko pravo zajema tudi gospodarske prekrške. Pravila glede gospodarskih kaznivih dejanj in gospodarskih prekrškov ne obstajajo posebej, ampak zanje veljajo splošne določbe za kazniva dejanja in prekrške. Pravne osebe odgovarjajo na podlagi 26. člena Zakona o odgovornosti pravnih oseb za kazniva dejanja (ZOPOKD) za vsa kazniva dejanja zoper gospodarstvo, oziroma tista, ki so kot taka določena v 24. členu KZ-1. Odgovarjajo pa tudi za druga, v tem členu določena dejanja, ki pa so navadno storjena v imenu, za račun ali v korist pravne osebe (torej pri opravljanju gospodarske dejavnosti). Odgovornost pravnih oseb za prekrške ima temelj v 13. in 14. členu ZP-1, smiselno pa se zanje uporabljajo določbe ZOPOKD. Sankcije zanje so določene za vsak prekršek posebej v isti določbi, kjer je določen prekršek. Konkretna gospodarska kazniva dejanja so urejena v KZ-1 na enem mestu (v 24. poglavju), medtem ko so gospodarski prekrški razpršeni po posameznih zakonih s področja gospodarstva. Criminal and minor offences are the types of criminal actions to which some theorists also include disciplinary offences. They are demarcated primarily by how harmful or dangerous a behavior is for a specific good and the rate of criminal liability. Accordingly, the legislator should determine an appropriate behavior as a criminal act or an offence. Criminal offences in general and in particular cases are regulated by Penal Code (SLO: Kazenski zakonik (KZ-1); further KZ-1). General provisions of minor offences are regulated in Minor Offences Act (SLO: Zakon o prekrških (ZP-1); further ZP-1). Contrary, special provisions are spread in various sectoral laws. It is different with the procedure, which is regulated by ZP-1 for minor offences but criminal procedure is regulated by the Criminal Procedure Act (SLO: Zakon o kazenskem postopku (ZKP); further ZKP). Economic criminal law is a special part of criminal law, which particularly protects goods from the economy sphere. Generally speaking, economic criminal law also deals with minor economic offences. There are no special rules for economic criminal offences or minor economic offences, but they have to follow general provisions for criminal and minor offences. A legal person is responsible for all criminal offences or those which are defined as such in the 24th Article KZ-1 against the economy (based on the 26th Article of Criminal Liability Of Legal Entities Act (SLO: Zakon o odgovornosti pravnih oseb za kazniva dejanja (ZOPOKD); further ZOPOKD). He is also liable for other acts that are in this article and are usually committed in the name, for the account or for the benefit of a legal person (in the performance of economic activity). Liability of legal person for minor offences is regulated in the 13th and 14th Article ZP-1 and it must also be interpreted by the provisions of ZOPOKD. Sanctions for legal persons are specified for each offense separately in the same provision, where the offense in regulated. Economic criminal offences are regulated in one place (KZ-1, chapter 24). Contrary, minor economic offences are spread in various individual laws in the sphere of economy. gospodarsko kazensko pravo gospodarsko kaznivo dejanje gospodarski prekršek vrednostni papirji notranja informacija preslepitev kupcev poslovna skrivnost davčna zatajitev. economic criminal law economic criminal offence economic minor offence securities inside information swindling customers trade secret fiscal suppressed. true true false [M. Kert] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo 2010-04-07 12:30:59 2010-04-14 09:27:25 2022-04-12 11:21:30 2023-12-16 03:23:24 2010 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 34(043.2) 4065323 URN:SI:UM:DK:X0R9V1HV UNI_Kert_Mojca_2010.pdf UNI_Kert_Mojca_2010.pdf 1 A439442B82CF6528D8A57C15625D31E9 357eef3933c0cc7a508006d4f9b493122d2eba577dd70eba81df5d8feebf77f7 f3a65ee1-7c03-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca 20.500.12556/dkum/82258c84-06f1-41c9-8cad-228d71996d8f https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=13948 Pravna fakulteta 0 0 0