20.500.12556/DKUM-18883 PLEMIČI NA SLOVENSKIH TLEH KOT KRIŽARSKI VOJŠČAKI NOBLEMEN ON SLOVENIAN GROUND AS CRUSADER WARRIORS V drugi polovici 10. stoletja so začele nastajati slovenske dežele, zaradi česar pride na naših tleh tudi do razvoja slovenskega plemstva, ki je samo določalo, kam spada. Ne glede na to h kateri deželi so se prištevali, so plemstvo povezovali skupni politični in vojaški interesi ter družinske vezi in pogodbe. Evropa pa se je v tem času znašla v vojni, katere ideal je bil širjenje krščanstva ter boj proti islamu. Plemiči s področja današnjega slovenskega ozemlja so bili izredno aktivni kot spremljevalci takratnih evropskih kraljev na njihovih križarskih pohodih v Palestino. Prva križarska vojna je trajala od leta 1095 do 1099 in ni vključevala vidnejših predstavnikov slovenskega plemstva. Je pa slednje predvsem sodelovalo v drugi križarski vojni, ki je trajala od leta 1145 do 1149, ter v tretji križarski vojni med 1189 in 1192. Teh dveh pohodov so se udeležili: Bernhard Spanheimski, mejni grof Štajerske, Otokar III., andeška grofa Popon in Bertold IV. ter Leopold V., štajerski vojvoda. Bertold IV. je nekaj let kasneje skupaj z nemškim kraljem Henrikom VI. ponovil potovanje v Palestino, skupaj z njim pa so v tem času na vzhod potovali še koroški vojvoda Ulrik II., ortenburški grof Oton II. in goriški grof Majnhard II. V virih ni moč zaslediti slovenskega plemiča, ki bi se udeležil četrtega pohoda v Jeruzalem, sta se pa pete križarske vojne, ki je trajala od leta 1217 do 1221, udeležila štajerski vojvoda Leopold VI. in Friderik III. Ptujski. Po peti križarski vojni so plemiči namreč raje sodelovali s križarskimi redovi, kot pa se udeleževali pohodov v Jeruzalem. Eden takšnih je bil tudi avstrijski in štajerski vojvoda, Friderik II. Prepirljivec, njegovemu vzoru pa je sledil tudi goriški grof Majnhard III. Slovenian countries and Slovenian nobility began to emerge in the second half of the 10th century. The nobility decided itself in which country it would like to belong. However, even though noblemen belonged to different countries, they were all connected with the common political and military profits, family bonds and contracts. In the Middle Ages Europe found itself in the war, whose ideal was an extension and fight against Islam. Noblemen from today's Slovenian region were extra active as kings' companions at their crusades to the Palestine. First crusade lasted from 1095 to 1099 and it did not include any visible representatives of Slovenian nobility. However, the latter took part in the second crusade, which lasted from 1145 to 1149, and in the third crusade, which lasted from 1189 to 1192. These two crusades were attended by Bernhard von Spanheim, the margrave of Styria, Ottokar III., counts of Andesch Popon and Bertold IV. and the duke of Styria Leopold V. Bertold IV. later repeated his journey to Palestine with the king of Germany Henry VI. They were accompanied with the duke of Carinthia Ulrich II., the count of Ortenburg Otto II. and the count of Gorizia Meinhrad II. We cannot find any other Slovenian nobleman as a participant in the fourth crusade. However, there were two noblemen who attended the fifth crusade, which lasted from 1217 to 1221; the duke of Styria Leopold VI. and Frederick III. of Pettau. After the fifth crusade the nobility rather cooperate with the military orders than to participate in the expedition to Jerusalem. Two of such were also the duke of Austria and Styria Frederick II. the Quarrelsome and the count of Gorizia Meinhrad III. plemstvo dežela križarske vojne viteški redovi Bernhard Spanheimski. nobility country crusades military orders Bernhard von Spanheim. true true false [A. Smogavc] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo 2011-06-07 14:41:28 2011-07-18 12:53:28 2022-04-13 14:54:03 2023-12-24 03:27:33 2011 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 93/94(043.2) 18533896 URN:SI:UM:DK:RLGVOAAE UNI_Smogavc_Anja_2011.pdf UNI_Smogavc_Anja_2011.pdf 1 8DC9F5CF09B870F1A767247DDE030AD7 163402772021f1840641f0b2674b778590d61bf3e7c24364a4c4d9f22eaf2cf0 3d5b3330-7c05-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca 20.500.12556/dkum/b1e9fadc-2324-4833-b1c3-d4ac88ad1610 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=22607 Filozofska fakulteta 0 0 0