20.500.12556/DKUM-19417 ANALIZA STANJA HRANJENOSTI, ENERGIJSKEGA VNOSA IN VNOSA MAKROHRANIL PRI BOLNIKIH V BOLNIŠNICI AN ANALYSIS OF NURISHEMENT STATE, ENERGY INTAKE AND INTAKE OF MACRONUTRIENTS IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS Uvod: Prehrana bolnikov v času bivanja v bolnišnici je eden izmed pomembnejših dejavnikov v procesu zdravljenja in rehabilitacije. Neustrezen in nezadosten vnos hranil v času bolezni, ko so potrebe bistveno povečane, je razlog za slabši izid bolezni. Pri bolnikih v bolnišnicah je podhranjenost povezana s počasnejšim celjenjem ran, večjo verjetnostjo zapletenih okužb, večjim tveganjem za ponovno bolnišnično zdravljenje in večjo umrljivostjo. Namen specialističnega dela je bil ugotoviti stanje hranjenosti bolnikov, povprečen vnos makro hranil in povprečen energijski vnos pri bolnikih, hospitaliziranih v Bolnišnici Topolšica. Metode: V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 53 bolnikov (24 moških in 29 žensk), starih od 29 do 93 let, hospitaliziranih na internem in pljučnem oddelku Bolnišnice Topolšica. V času raziskave sta se pri vsakem bolniku ob sprejemu naredili ocena stanja hranjenosti in ocena ogroženosti za nastanek podhranjenosti po NRS 2002 (Nutritional Risk Screening). Pri vseh bolnikih je bil spremljan in zabeležen vnos vsakega obroka. V času trajanja raziskave je bila narejena tudi kemijska analiza makro hranil in energijskih vrednosti celodnevnih bolnišničnih obrokov za obdobje treh dni. Ugotovitve: Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da je 26 % bolnikov ogroženih zaradi podhranjenosti. Energijska vrednost bolnišničnega obroka je bila v povprečju 1660 kcal. Pri analizi potreb po energijskem vnosu bolnikov v času bivanja v bolnišnici so bile ugotovljene zelo velike razlike med bolniki, in sicer so bile le-te od 1000 do 2800 kcal/dan. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da je 34,6 % bolnikov pojedlo celotne dnevne obroke, 30,8 % bolnikov pa je zaužilo manj kot 1200 kcal. Zaključki: Med preiskovanimi bolniki jih je bilo prehransko ogroženih 26 %. Njihove povprečne dnevne energijske potrebe so 1804,7 ± 369,1 kcal/dan, kar pomeni, da z bolnišničnimi obroki v povprečju ne zagotavljamo dnevnih energijskih potreb bolnikov. Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da je vrednost ponujenih dnevnih obrokov v Bolnišnici Topolšica povprečno 1660 kcal, povprečna vrednost zaužitih dnevnih obrokov je 1361 ± 326,4 kcal. Bolniki so v povprečju zaužili 22 % maščob in 15,2 % beljakovin. Introduction: Patients’ nutrition during their stay in a hospital is one of more important factors in the process of healing and rehabilitation. Inadequate and insufficient nutritional input while being ill, when our needs are substantially on the increase, results in a worse outcome of the illness. With hospitalized patients, malnutrition is related to a slower woundhealing, greater possibility of complex infections, greater risk for a repeated hospitalization and increased mortality. The aim of my specialist work is to assess the patients’ state of nourishment, the average input of macro nutrients along with the average energy input of hospitalized patients in Bolnišnica Topolšica hospital. Methods: 53 patients (24 male and 29 female) took part in the research, all ranging from 29 to 93 years of age and being hospitalized in the Internal Medicine Department and Pulmonary Department of Bolnišnica Topolšica hospital. In the research period, the nourishment condition and the risk for evolving malnutrition for each admitted patient were evaluated according to NRS 2002 (Nutritional Risk Screening). Food input was monitored during the entire stay. During the research period we made an analysis of macro nutrients and energy values of whole-day hospital meals for the duration of three consecutive days. Results: The research results have indicated that there are 26 % of patients at risk regarding malnutrition. Energy value of a hospital meal was on the average 1660 kcal. When analysing the need for energy input of the hospitalized patients, we encountered enormous differences among the patients ranging from 1000–2800 kcal per day. It was discovered that 34,6 % of the patients had entirely eaten their daily meals, whereas 30,8 % of the patients had consumed less than 1200 kcal. Conclusion: Among the patients taking part in the research 26 % were nutritionally at risk. Average daily energy needs of the patients are 1804,7 ± 369,1 kcal per day, meaning that hospital meals on the average do not provide the required daily energy needs of the patients. The research results have pointed out that the value of an average meal in Bolnišnica Topolšica hospital is 1660 kcal, the average value of a consumed daily meal being 1361 ± 326,4 kcal. The patients consumed on the average 22 % fat and 15,2 % proteins. prehrana bolnikov makro hranila energijski vnos prehransko presejanje podhranjenost patients’ nutrition malnutrition daily energy input energy value nutrition screening true true false [I. Volk] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Specialistično delo 2011-07-12 13:09:52 2011-09-26 14:38:15 2022-04-13 15:21:47 2023-12-25 03:19:06 2011 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 613.24:616-052 1714852 URN:SI:UM:DK:IJUHTHYB SPEC_Volk_Irena_2011.pdf SPEC_Volk_Irena_2011.pdf 1 BB2F3E85E59B959060564A0B99B60D8F e8d7c05937ab65fc54d27617921d81cb2cc8ecd841f863fcf0a3337f54a9cc1e 5f2cefbd-7c05-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca 20.500.12556/dkum/e2ea77b5-474e-46bd-8837-6203ed4349b3 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=23469 Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede 0 0 0