20.500.12556/DKUM-21804 Gospodarske spremembe v Sloveniji in državah Zahodnega Balkana Economic changes in Slovenia and Western Balkan countries Po definiciji Evropske unije, ki so ga sprejele članice, razumemo pod pojmom Zahodni Balkan države nastale na območju nekdanje Jugoslavije brez Slovenije in z Albanijo. V diplomskem delu Gospodarske spremembe v Sloveniji in državah Zahodnega Balkana so prikazane in primerjane gospodarske spremembe, ki so se zgodile znotraj omenjenih držav v dvajsetih letih po padcu berlinskega zidu in družbeno političnih spremembah, ki so sledile. Namen je predstaviti proces tranzicije in analizirati strukturne spremembe v gospodarstvih Slovenije in državah Zahodnega Balkana, s poudarkom na nekaterih pomembnih mejnikih, kot je razpad Jugoslavije, nastanek novih držav in prehod na tržno gospodarstvo. Z razpadom Jugoslavije v začetku devetdesetih let je prišlo do preoblikovanja nekdanjih jugoslovanskih republik v samostojne države. Hkrati se je oblikovala nova država Kosovo z večinskim albanskim prebivalstvom na ozemlju nekdanje avtonomne pokrajine Kosovo, ki je bila del Republike Srbije. Rezultati tranzicije gospodarstev nekdanjih socialističnih držav, s prehodom iz socialističnega gospodarskega modela v tržno naravnano kapitalistično gospodarstvo so bili različni. Razlog je v različnih razvojnih stopnjah gospodarstev ob začetku tranzicije, ki so bile odraz zgodovinskega razvoja držav. Poleg strukturnih problemov nacionalnih gospodarstev so na uspeh tranzicije vplivali oboroženi spopadi na območju nekdanje Jugoslavije, predvsem v devetdesetih letih prejšnjega stoletja. Za vključevanje držav Zahodnega Balkana v evro atlantske povezave je nujno potrebno prestrukturiranje gospodarskih dejavnosti, prehod v postindustrijsko dobo in usklajevanje nacionalnih zakonodaj ter standardov s predpisi Evropske unije. Do začetka tranzicije je gonilno silo gospodarske rasti predstavljala razvita industrija, kar še posebej velja za Slovenijo, Hrvaško ter delno za Bosno in Hercegovino. Kmetijstvo je bilo zelo pomembno za Srbijo, medtem ko sta Makedonija in Črna gora zaostajali v razvoju vseh gospodarskih sektorjev. Strukturni problemi nacionalnih gospodarstev so razvidni iz razmerij med sektorji. Tako je kmetijstvo še vedno zaposlovali veliko delovne sile, industrija je prispevala nesorazmerno visok delež. Struktura industrije je temeljila na delovno intenzivnih in energetsko potratnih tehnologijah. Pomanjkanje sodobnih industrijskih panog se je odražalo v slabo razvitem terciarnem sektorju. Najslabše izhodišče od držav Zahodnega Balkana je imela Albanija, kar je posledica politične diktature, samoizoliranosti in zaprtosti nacionalnega gospodarstva. By the definition adopted by members of the European Union, we consider Western Balkan the countries that were formed on the former Yugoslavia area, without Slovenia and with Albania. In the final diploma thesis named “Economic changes in Slovenia and Western Balkan countries” we presented and compared economic changes which have occurred within the countries in twenty years after the fall of the Berlin Wall and sociopolitical changes that followed. Our purpose was to present the transition process and to analyze structural changes in Slovenia and Western Balkan countries by emphasizing milestones, such as the breakup of Yugoslavia, formation of new countries and transition to market economy. With Yugoslav disintegration in the early nineties also came the transformation of former Yugoslav republics into independent states. A new state Kosovo with the majority of Albanian residents was also created on the area of former autonomous province of Serbia. The outcomes of economy transition from social economy to market-oriented capitalistic economy in former socialist states were different. The reason is in different rates of development within states at the beginning of the transition, which was a reflection of their historian developments. Armed conflicts influenced the transitional success within the former Yugoslavia besides structural problems of national economies especially in the ninety years of former century. For integration of Western Balkan countries into Euro-Atlantic alliances it is necessary to restructure the economic activities, transition into post-industrial era and coordination of national legislations and standards with the European Union's. Until the beginning of transition the driving force of economic growth was developed industry, that was especially the case in Slovenia, Croatia and partly in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Agriculture was very important for Serbia, while Macedonia and Montenegro were falling behind in development through all economic sectors. Structural problems of national economies are obvious from relations between sectors. The agriculture still employs a lot of working force, industry contributes disproportionately big part. Industrial structure was based on labor-intensive industry and energy-wasting technologies. Lack of modern industrial sector was reflected in poorly developed tertiary sector. Out of the Western Balkan countries Albania had the worst starting point which was a result of political dictatorship, self isolation and closed national economy. gospodarske spremembe Slovenija integracija v EU Zahodni Balkan tranzicija socializem svetovna gospodarska kriza economic changes Slovenia EU integration Western Balkan transition socialism world economic crisis true true false [R. Breznik] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo 2012-01-04 12:30:11 2012-02-06 15:56:57 2022-04-14 10:54:32 2023-12-29 03:15:53 2011 0 Celje 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 91(043.2) 18903560 URN:SI:UM:DK:KLNFTL73 UNI_Breznik_Rosana_2012.pdf UNI_Breznik_Rosana_2012.pdf 1 0CEED601E451314A5355626EF6D03A77 34014f7973795053e94a728b45b2c5ce40377ad1471abbcf17486d2bd60e247a f1fc3fcd-7c05-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca 20.500.12556/dkum/f0b10807-d725-45fc-8886-7a3ad0b31ed1 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=27803 Filozofska fakulteta 0 0 0