20.500.12556/DKUM-40545 RAZVOJNE LASTNOSTI MATIC KRANJSKE ČEBELE (Apis mellifera carnica) V RAZLIČNIH POGOJIH VZREJE DEVELOPMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF QUEENS (Apis mellifera carnica) REARED IN DIFFERENT CONDITIONS V okviru doktorske naloge smo raziskali vpliv starosti vzrejnega gradiva, zamika v oprašitvi izleženih matic in vpliv dodatnega krmljenja v času vzreje na nekatere lastnosti matic. V posameznih fazah vzreje smo ugotavljali možne poti prenosa štirih čebeljih virusov. Matice smo vzredili iz različno starih ličink ob presajanju (0-12 ur, 12-24 ur, 24-36 ur in 36-48 ur) in ugotavljali njihove lastnosti glede na različno starost ob oprašitvi. Matice ene skupine smo vstavili v plemenilnike takoj po izleganju, matice druge skupine pa po 17 dnevih inkubacije. V nadaljevanju raziskave smo del oprašenih matic dodali v družine in jih spremljali še dve čebelarski sezoni. Maticam in njihovim razvojnim oblikam smo določili morfološke lastnosti. Starost vzrejnega gradiva do 36 ur ni imela značilnega vpliva na lastnosti matic, kakor tudi zamik v oprašitvi ni imel vpliva na spremljane lastnosti. V prvi sezoni so družine matic, ki so se oprašile po 17-dnevni inkubaciji, zasedale v povprečju večje število ulic kot družine matic, ki so se oprašile v običajnem času, to je 3-8 dni po izleženju. Matice se po dodajanju različnih vrst peloda in drugih dodatkov v hrani v rednikih in plemenilnikih med seboj niso značilno razlikovale. V poskusu spremljanja možnih poti prenosa virusnih okužb med potekom vzreje nismo nobenega od štirih virusov (ABPV, BQCV, DWV in SBV) zaznali pri bubah in novoizleženih maticah, kljub temu, da so bile delavke v rednikih na virus pozitivne. Za razliko od ostalih treh virusov se je v našem poskusu izkazalo, da je za DWV vertikalen prenos, od matice na svoje potomke preko jajčeca, pogostejši od horizontalnega. Queens were reared according to different age of the graft (0-12 hours, 12-24 hours, 24-36 hours and 36-48 hours) and also to mating time. Queens from one group were inserted into the mating nuclei immediately after the emergence; queens from the second group were incubated for 17 days, before they were allowed to mate. We determined morphological characteristics of queens and their developmental stages, some of mated queens were also inserted in the new established colonies for 2 seasons. When using larvae for grafting up to 36 hours old, we found no significant changes in queen's characteristics. Also, mating delay did not have any influence on morphological properties of queens. The colonies, ruled by the queens which mated later, had significant higher number of occupied combs in the first year in comparison to the colonies with queens which were allowed to mate in the ordinary way. Moreover, we checked the impact of adding two different pollen source and sugar solution during queen rearing on properties of the queens. Queens did not differ according to the type of food added in nurse colonies and mating nucs. In an attempt to monitor possible routes of transmission of viral infections during queen rearing we did not detect any of the four viruses (ABPV, BQCV, DWV and SBV) in pupae and newly emerged queens. Virus positive workers in mating nucs did not indicate positive young mated queens. Unlike the other three viruses, our study showed that DWV remained in apiary via vertical transmission. vzreja matic oprašitev prehrana cvetni prah čebelji virusi queen rearing mating nutrition pollen bee viruses true true false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Doktorska disertacija 2013-05-29 08:25:42 2013-06-12 11:57:40 2022-05-12 23:45:40 2021-04-24 03:09:48 2013 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 URN:SI:UM:DK:RMKGVXSR DR_Zvokelj_Lucija_2013.pdf DR_Zvokelj_Lucija_2013.pdf 1 BA07900538C48BDF362C86F12B92D650 39cb876c96aa8161661544bd5fd4d9d611b8cb89676258a94e1275bbf46a51a6 fa581bee-7c09-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca 20.500.12556/dkum/9d897625-f732-4117-8180-505757604349 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=55538 Fakulteta za kmetijstvo in biosistemske vede 0 0 0