20.500.12556/DKUM-41400 UPORABA RAZLIČNIH TEHNIK EKSTRAKCIJ OLJA IZ SEZAMOVEGA SEMENA EXTRACTION OF OIL FROM SESAME SEEDS BY VARIOUS EXTRACTION TECHNIQUES Pridobivali smo sezamovo olje iz sezamovega semena. Uporabili smo dva postopka ekstrakcije – konvencionalno ekstrakcijo z različnimi topili in superkritično ekstrakcijo. Kot topila pri konvencionalni ekstrakciji smo uporabili heksan, etanol in petroleter. Pri superkritični ekstrakciji smo kot topilo uporabili propan. Imeli smo šest različnih ekstrakcijskih pogojev. Na podlagi dobljenih rezultatov in dobljenega olja smo izračunali izkoristke ekstrakcij. Vsak ekstrakt smo tudi umilili. Vzorcem smo določali vsebnost maščobnih kislin v olju in antioksidativno kapaciteto olja. Vsebnost maščobnih kislin smo določali s plinsko kromatografijo in ugotovili, da prevladujeta oleinska in linolna maščobna kislina. Antioksidativnost smo določali po metodi Photochem. Največji izkoristek pri konvenkcionalni ekstrakciji smo dobili s topilom heksan, pri superkritični ekstrakciji pa pri pogojih T=50°C in p=100bar. Ugotovili smo, da je sezam dobra oljna rastlina, saj smo imeli čez 50% izkoristke ekstrakcije. Glede na rezultate in potek eksperimentov smo ugotovili, da je boljša superkritična ekstrakcija, kot pa klasična konvencionalna ekstrakcija, saj je izkoristek bistveno večji, pa tudi olje je čistejše. The main purpose of this work is extraction of sesame oil from sesame seeds and extracts analysis. Extraction was performed using the two different methods - conventional extraction with different solvents and supercritical extraction. Solvents that were used for conventional extraction are hexane, ethanol and petroleum ether. Solvent that was used in supercritical extraction is propane. In this research we considered six different conditions of extraction. Based on the results and obtained oil we also calculated the efficiency of extraction. All extracts were saponified and fatty acids present in each sample were analysed by gas chromatography. Results showed, that in samples oleic and linoleic fatty acid dominated. Antioxidant capacity was determined by Photochem method. Maximum efficiency with conventional extraction method, was achieved by solvent hexane, while with supercritical extraction, that was performed at the following conditions: T=50°C and p=100bar. The results of the study suggest that sesame is a good oil plant, because efficiency of extraction were above 50%. Based on the results it can be concluded that between both methods of extraction used, the supercritical extraction is better than conventional. Efficiency was significantly higher and also the oil obtained was cleaner. sezam sezamovo seme sezamovo olje konvencionalna ekstrakcija superkritična ekstrakcija plinska kromatografija antioksidativnost sesame sesame seed sesame oil conventional extraction supercritical extraction gas chromatography (GC) antioxidant capacity true true false [D. Predikaka] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2013-08-26 10:13:59 2013-09-11 08:40:45 2022-05-04 03:07:33 2021-04-25 03:22:17 2013 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 66.061-987(043.2) 17479958 URN:SI:UM:DK:COLWGJPO VS_Predikaka_Darja_2013.pdf VS_Predikaka_Darja_2013.pdf 1 0C7DCC9E0C18BB9F7AB850B65C0831B9 67d511feb291ae5843eb498446341b78963bb0e552c3354959e37c099757f2c9 4677978b-7c0a-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=58276 Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo 0 0 0