20.500.12556/DKUM-47745-d3381d6f-f89b-a1ec-d8d9-c15740835e89 NOV PRISTOP K IZVEDBI OZEMLJEVANJA VISOKONAPETOSTNIH NAPRAV, DALJNOVODOV IN KABLOVODOV A NEW APPROACH TO IMPLEMENTATION OF GROUNDING HIGH-VOLTAGE DEVICES, TRANSMISSION LINES AND CABLES Ozemljitveni sistemi v elektroenergetskih postrojih in omrežju so ključnega pomena za varno in zanesljivo obratovanje ter varnost uporabnikov električne energije. Zaradi ostarelosti elektroenergetskih objektov ali zaradi izgradnje dodatnega omrežja je na napravah treba izvajati obnovitvena dela. Pri tem stikalnih postrojev praviloma ni mogoče izklopiti v celoti, temveč jih obnavljamo po posameznih delih. Zaradi tega ozemljil in betonskih temeljnih delov ni mogoče obnoviti celovito. Obstoječa ozemljila sicer še ostajajo v funkciji, vendar so zastarela in v nekaterih primerih zaradi novo nastalih obratovalnih razmer tudi neustrezno dimenzionirana. Takšno stanje predstavlja veliko tveganje za nastanek prevelikih vrednosti napetosti dotika in koraka ter posledično nevarnosti poškodb ljudi zaradi udara električnega toka. Podobna nevarnost za električni udar obstaja tudi vzdolž visokonapetostnih daljnovodnih tras. Novo nastale razmere narekujejo nov sistemski pristop k načrtovanju ozemljil, analizo obstoječega stanja in poglobljeno načrtovanje obnove ozemljitvenih sistemov, kar je predstavljeno v doktorski disertaciji. Nov pristop k načrtovanju temelji na izvedenih meritvah in analizi obstoječega stanja, temu pa sledi posodobljeno načrtovanje s pomočjo ustreznih programskih orodij. Predstavljena je primerjava med rezultati dviga potenciala ozemljil, pridobljenimi na osnovi meritev, ter rezultati, pridobljenimi s tremi različnimi programskimi orodji za načrtovanje ozemljil. Ugotovljeno je dobro ujemanje izmerjenih ter izračunanih vrednosti, kar pomeni, da lahko z gotovostjo izvedemo načrtovanje zaščitnih ukrepov s pomočjo programskih orodij. Po končani obnovi ozemljil na terenu izvedemo le kontrolne meritve na ključnih izpostavljenih točkah. V disertaciji je predstavljen tudi praktičen primer izvedbe obnove ozemljil na daljnovodu in v visokonapetostnem stikalnem postroju. Podrobno so predstavljeni pozitivni učinki in izboljšave, ki smo jih pri tem dosegli. Opisana je tudi popolnoma nova naprava za ozemljevanje gibajočih vodnikov, ki smo jo razvili, izdelali prototip in podrobno preizkusili. Opisali smo vse meritve in preizkuse, izvedene na tej napravi in tako dokazali njeno prednost in veliko uporabno vrednost. Z uporabo nove drsne sponke za ozemljevanje vodnikov in s primerno določenim načinom uporabe smo bistveno izboljšali varnost izvajanja del, ki jih je treba izvajati neposredno v bližini visoke napetosti. Grounding systems in electrical energy applications and power grids are essential for safe and reliable operation of devices as well as safety of energy consumers. Due to obsolescence of electrical energy infrastructure or expansion of power grid it is essential that renovation work on energy devices is executed. In that process energy devices can not be entirely shut down, so they are renovated part by part. For that specific reason grounding devices and concrete base construction can not be entirely renovated, so existing grounding devices are still performing their function but they are obsolete and in some cases also improperly designed for new operating conditions. Such condition presents a huge risk factor for formation of high touch voltage and step voltage values and consequently risk of human injuries due to electrical shock. Same danger can also appear along high voltage transmission line routes. This desertation is describing above dangers and conditions as well as a new systematic approach, current condition analysis and in-depth design of grounding systems renovation plan that are therefore options as a practical solutions. A new approach of grounding design is based on device measurements and and current condition analysis with help of special software tools. A comparison of measurement based results and software simulation based results is also presented in this desertation. It has been determined that measured and simulated data are quite similar, which means that in most cases design and implementation of safety procedures can be done by software tools, that have to be verified with real measurements on key points after finished renovation of grounding devices on field. This desertation also presents practical example of power line renovation and high voltage substation as well as positive effects and improvements achieved in that procedure. A new device for grounding of moving cables which has been designed, prototyped and detail tested is also presented. All measurements and tests that have been considering this device are also described, which demonstrates the device's advantages and high practical value. With usage of this new sliding grounding clamp we have successfully improved safety of work that takes place near high voltage. Specifična upornost zemlje ozemljila nov pristop k načrtovanju ozemljevanja drsna sponka za ozemljevanje. Soil resistivity new approach to grounding design grounding sliding grounding clamp. true true false [R. Maruša] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Doktorska disertacija 2015-04-01 19:25:11 2015-04-23 08:40:34 2022-05-22 03:08:11 2021-05-07 03:33:17 2015 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 621.3.027:621.315.2(043.3) 279405312 URN:SI:UM:DK:TXRSMVOC DOK_Marusa_Robert_2015.pdf DOK_Marusa_Robert_2015.pdf 1 F4F972D0C4233DD7A7991832896744A0 4940b9efcf39e87bdd17d9d9dc76d97d34e950a47e1ed2eaf25e143cc1af6e27 ed043f7a-7c07-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=71367 Fakulteta za elektrotehniko, računalništvo in informatiko 0 0 0