20.500.12556/DKUM-48069 Analiza zasliševalskih tehnik v primeru lažne obtožbe diplomsko delo [visokošolskega strokovnega študija] Varnost in policijsko delo ANALYSIS OF INTERROGATION TECHNIQUES IN CASES OF FALSE ACCUSATIONS Izbira primernih tehnik zaslišanja lahko predstavlja problem. Težko je namreč presoditi, kdaj je preiskovalec uporabil primerno metodo in kdaj neprimerno. To je pomembno predvsem takrat, ko je preiskovalec prepričan, da ima pred sabo storilca, vendar ta ne želi priznati dejanja. Mogoče bi s kakšno neprimerno metodo lahko izsili priznanje storilca. Večji problem nastane, ko preiskovalec ni prepričan, ali ima pravega storilca in bi lahko z neprimerno metodo izsilil priznanje od nedolžnega človeka. V diplomskem delu sem se osredotočila na primerne in neprimerne tehnike zaslišanja. Posvetila sem se primeru lažne obtožbe »The Guildford Four«, kjer gre za eno izmed hujših napak britanskega pravosodnega sistema. Štiri nedolžne ljudi so z neprimernimi tehnikami zaslišanja (mučenjem, nasiljem, grožnjami ...) prisilili k priznanju dejanja, ki ga niso storili. Prav tako so zanemarili vse dokaze, ki so kazali v njihovo prid in ne glede na to, da proti njim niso imeli stvarnih dokazov, ki bi dokazovali njihovo krivdo, jih je sodišče obsodilo na dosmrtno ječo. Edini dokaz, ki so ga upoštevali, je bilo njihovo priznanje, za katerega se je izkazalo, da je bilo pridobljeno z neprimernimi tehnikami in s tem izsiljeno. V teoretičnem delu sem pisala na splošno o tehnikah zaslišanja, ki so pomembne za odkrivanje pravih storilcev. Neprimerne tehnike sem naštela in jih opisala. To so Reidova tehnika, uporaba sile, grožnje in drugih podobnih sredstev, sugestija, preslepitev, hipnoza itd. Lotila sem se tudi pomena izjav, pridobljenih z neprimernimi metodami, in končno, kaj pomeni priznanje, pridobljeno z neprimernimi metodami oziroma tehnikami. Primerne tehnike so sodobni angleški preiskovalni intervju, empatija, minimalizacija ali normalizacija (s previdno uporabo, sicer je to že Reidova tehnika). Lotila sem se tudi tehnike zavajanja (analizo besednega vedenja), tehniko hudičevega odvetnika, zapisala sem tudi nekaj o spremembi mišljenja policistov, ki imajo premalo izobraževanj, so preobremenjeni in časovno omejeni. Na koncu sem se lotila še primera »The Guildford Four«, opisala potek primera in vse neprimerne tehnike, ki so jih uporabili med celotnim dogajanjem. The appropriate and inappropriate interrogation techniques represent a big problem. It is difficult to estimate when the investigator used the appropriate method and when the inappropriate one. That is particularly important when the investigator is sure that he is facing the perpetrator, but the latter does not want to confess. Perhaps with an inappropriate method, the investigator could make the perpetrator confess. The bigger problem is when the investigator is not sure whether he has the real perpetrator and could force the confession from an innocent man with an inappropriate method. The thesis focuses on the appropriate and inappropriate interrogation techniques. I focused on the case of the unfair prosecution called »The Guildford Four«, which is the proven worst mistake in the judicial system. Due to the inappropriate interrogation techniques (torture, violence, threats…), four innocent people were forced to confess a crime they did not commit. Furthermore, all the evidence pointing in their favour was ignored, and despite the fact that they had no factual evidence to prove their guilt, the court sentenced them to a life sentence. The only evidence that was taken into consideration was the confession, for which it turned out that it was forced and acquired by improper techniques. In the theoretical part I wrote about the interrogation techniques in general and how important they are in finding the real perpetrators. I listed and described the improper interrogation techniques. These are the Reid technique, the use of force, threats and other means, the suggestion, blinding, hypnosis etc. I also focused on the meaning of statements obtained by improper methods and finally what the confession, obtained by improper methods or techniques, means. The proper methods are: the contemporary English informative interview, empathy, minimization or normalization (special attetion must be paid here, otherwise this is already Reid's technique). I also focused on the technique of misleading (analysis of verbal behaviour) and the technique of devil’s advocate. Furthermore, I wrote something about changing the mindset of police officers, who are not educated enough, are overburdened and constantly under time pressure. In the end, I also wrote about the case called »The Guildford Four«, described the case and all the improper interrogation techniques that were used in the whole process. zaslišanje tehnike zaslišanja lažne obtožbe diplomske naloge interrogation interrogation techniques appropriate methods inappropriate methods true true false S. Šolaja] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2015-05-18 18:08:23 2015-08-18 10:16:58 2022-05-23 03:07:46 2021-05-08 03:29:29 2015 0 [Ljubljana 2015 [Ljubljana 34 str. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 159.9:340.6(043.2) 2990314 URN:SI:UM:DK:YZ90DBG9 VS_Solaja_Sanja_2015.pdf VS_Solaja_Sanja_2015.pdf 1 EB1F3E274EAAB086C2BC0D5526EE9175 402e4347371756012222e6c9e731312c81203c6648d9565ba6f216f7f52ee1f3 a613b779-7c0b-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=71837 Fakulteta za varnostne vede 0 0 0