20.500.12556/DKUM-53842 Zgorevanje CNG v bencinskem motorju in vpliv na okolje v primerjavi s klasičnimi pogonskimi gorivi CNG combustion in petrol engine and the impact on the environment compared to conventional motor fuels V velikih mestih so vozila pomemben vir onesnaževanja zraka, saj prispevajo k visokim koncentracijam škodljivih snovi v zraku. Emisije plinov, kot so ogljikov monoksid (CO), ogljikovodiki (HC), dušikovi oksidi (NOx) in trdni delci (PM) povzročajo resno onesnaženje zraka. V tem magistrskem delu bomo raziskali, komentirali ter primerjali rezultate različnih znanstvenih in strokovnih študij s področja emisij vozil, ki za gorivo uporabljajo stisnjen zemeljski plin (CNG) z emisijami vozil, ki uporabljajo konvencionalna goriva. Zaradi enostavnosti molekule in dejstva, da plinasta goriva lahko tvorijo homogeno zmes z zrakom, zemeljski plin izgoreva brez saj. V primerjavi z bencinom in dizlom je CNG manj nevaren, ima višje oktansko število in omogoča delovanje motorja z višjim kompresijskim razmerjem. Zemeljski plin se lahko uporablja pri običajnih bencinskih in dizelskih motorjih z določenimi spremembami. Največja uporaba CNG-ja danes v prometu je pri težkih vozilih oz. pri avtobusih. Z zgorevanjem CNG-ja v motorju z notranjim zgorevanjem pride do določenega zmanjšanja moči, dvigne se temperatura bata in glave valja ter se poveča temperatura izpuha. Rezultati študij o izpušnih emisijah iz CNG osebnih vozil in avtobusov so zelo različni in nasprotujoči. CNG v primerjavi z bencinom dosega nižje emisije CO2, medtem ko so prednost pred dizlom nižje emisije PM. Slabost zgorevanja metana v motorju z notranjim zgorevanjem pa je višja emisija HC v primerjavi s klasičnimi vozili. Za najboljše izkoriščanje CNG-ja kot pogonskega goriva so potrebni namenski CNG motorji. CNG kot gorivo ne bo bistveno prispevalo k zmanjšanju podnebnih sprememb, ampak bo prehodno sredstvo na poti do čistejših tehnologiji. In the big cities, vehicles are an important source of air pollution and contribute to high concentrations of harmful substances in the air. Emissions of gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) are causing serious air pollution. In this thesis we studied, commented and compared the results of various scientific and technical studies in the field of emissions from vehicles fuelled with compressed natural gas (CNG) with emissions from vehicles using conventional fuels. Due to the simplicity of the molecule and the fact that gaseous fuels can form a homogeneous mixture with air, natural gas burns without soot. Compared with gasoline and diesel CNG is less dangerous, has a higher octane number and enables operation of the engine with a higher compression ratio. Natural gas can be used in conventional gasoline and diesel engines, with certain modifications. The biggest use of CNG today in transport is for heavy vehicles, respectively for busses. Combustion of CNG in the internal combustion engine lead to a certain reduction in the power, the temperature of the piston and the cylinder head rises, and the temperature of the exhaust is increased. The results of studies on the exhaust emissions from passenger cars and CNG buses are very different and opposite. CNG compared to petrol offers lower CO2 emissions, as for the diesel the advantage is lower PM emissions. HC emissions from CNG vehicles are higher in comparison to conventional vehicles. For the best use of CNG as a fuel, dedicated CNG engines are needed. CNG as a fuel will not significantly contribute to reducing the climate change, but it will be the transitional asset on the way to cleaner technology. CNG onesnaženost zraka izpušne emisije avtobusi vrste motorjev zgorevanje CO NOx HC CO2 PM PAH CNG air pollution vehicular emissions buses engine types combustion CO NOx HC CO2 PM PAH true true false [I. Kolić] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2015-08-05 12:47:47 2015-08-27 09:25:08 2022-06-03 03:11:11 2024-01-03 03:33:54 2015 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 621.43.068:502.17(043.2) 18952214 URN:SI:UM:DK:BGDJCDZO MAG_Kolic_Ivan_2015.pdf MAG_Kolic_Ivan_2015.pdf 1 72A1F03F28936C6EB076A519AAF19BE1 7983844b0752317a46cf826d7cf0eb93a7b36df20d39af1ce0ca2276b929e026 c710950f-7c07-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=79363 Fakulteta za strojništvo 0 0 0