20.500.12556/DKUM-54219 Navijači in nasilje na nogometnih tekmah diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študija FANS AND VIOLENCE AT FOOTBALL MATCHES Nogometa kot tekmovalnega športa si brez navijačev ne predstavljamo. Navijači ekipi, za katero navijajo, predstavljajo moralno ter glasno in simbolično podporo k boljši igri, sebe pa zaradi tega oklicujejo kot 12. igralca. Nogometno ekipo in nogomet spremljajo različni tipi osebnosti navijačev, od tistih najbolj zavzetih in strastnih do tistih, ki jih uvrščamo med nasilne navijače ali huligane. Huligani so predvidoma starejši mladoletniki, veliko je tudi mlajših polnoletnih. Zaradi takšnega obnašanja so v preteklosti bili proučevani s strani različnih raziskovalcev, kot so psihologi, sociologi in drugi strokovnjaki, katerih ugotovitve smo predstavili v našem diplomskem delu. Da do huliganstva ne bi prihajalo ali da bi se pojav reduciral, so države in njihove oblasti ter nogometne zveze po Evropi sprejele različne zakone in ukrepe, ki bolj ali manj izhajajo iz temeljne Evropske konvencije o nasilju in nedostojnem obnašanju gledalcev na športnih prireditvah, zlasti na nogometnih tekmah. V diplomskem delu smo predstavili tudi zakone, ki urejajo problem huliganstva po nekaterih državah, in sicer v Veliki Britaniji, Nemčiji, Italiji, Sloveniji, Hrvaški in Srbiji. Največ dela pri preprečevanju nasilja in neredov ima policija, ki si pomaga še z delom varnostnega osebja, lokalnih oblasti, organizatorjev prireditev, nogometnih zvez, gasilcev in medijev ter z njimi tvori nekakšen krog, ki skrbi za preventivne in represivne dejavnosti na področju nasilja na stadionih. Za posledice neredov in nasilja odgovornost, predvsem zaradi težke identifikacije posameznih storilcev kaznivih dejanj, pade na klub ali nogometno zvezo, ki plačuje visoke denarne in druge oblike kazni. Huliganstvu pa, kot vse kaže, še kmalu ne bo konca, saj se je prestavilo iz samega stadiona v mesta in druge kraje daleč proč od športnega objekta. We cannot think of soccer as a competitive sport without its fans. Fans of the teams which they support present the loud moral and symbolic comport to better game and they like to call themselves the 12th player on the soccer pitch. Different types of fans personalities form the fan base of one's club, from the most passionate to those who act violent and are the so called hooligans. These are usually elderly youngsters and sometimes even underage people. Because of their behaviour they were, in the past, a subject of investigation by varios researchers such as socialogists, psychologists and other experts. Some of their findings have been presented in our thesis work. To prevent or at least reduce the mentioned phenomenon, the authorities of the countries have taken different measures and adopted different laws and most of them come from the European Convention on Spectator Violence and Misbehaviour at Sports Events and in particular at Football Matches. In our thesis we have also presented the laws which regulate the problem of hooliganism in some countries, more precisely for Great Britain, Germany, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia and Serbia. The police have the most work at preventing violence and chaos and they are supported by security staff, local authorities, organizators of events, soccer unions, firemen and media and all together they form a sort of circle which take for preventive and represive actions when it comes to vioelence at stadiums. Very often clubs or soccer union need to pay the high penalty fees for the concequences of disorder and the damage that is made as it is difficult to identify the offenders of single criminal acts. As it seems, hooliganism is not going to end soon because it has only moved from the very stadiums to the cities and other places far away from sports facilities. šport nogomet nogometne tekme navijači navijaške skupine nasilje preprečevanje policija varnostne službe pravna ureditev diplomske naloge soccer fans supporting vioence laws preventing responsibility true true false D. Grgić] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2015-08-25 19:51:02 2015-09-18 12:59:32 2022-06-05 03:05:23 2021-05-10 03:32:19 2015 0 [Ljubljana 2015 [Ljubljana 55 str. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 343.62(043.2) 3011818 URN:SI:UM:DK:DYYS19RR UN_Grgic_Damir_2015.pdf UN_Grgic_Damir_2015.pdf 1 E173440F20B1932CF3039578B19BB5F0 e046531e2379fe926d0c980a234f6e31cf7d353dd5223c304da834a1d04577af 90323fe4-7c07-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=79448 Fakulteta za varnostne vede 0 0 0