20.500.12556/DKUM-54974 SPOLNA VZGOJA V SKLOPU MEDPREDMETNEGA POVEZOVANJA V PROGRAMU OSNOVNE ŠOLE SEX EDUCATION AS A PART OF A CROSS-CURRICULAR INTEGRATION IN THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PROGRAMME Puberteta je čas, ko se naše telo spreminja, spremembe trajajo več let in jih doživljajo učenci v osnovni šoli, zato smo želeli raziskati, kako te spremembe vplivajo na učence in kako jim pri tem pomagajo učitelji. V teoretičnem delu smo izpostavili teme odraščanja otrok in medosebne odnose, kot jih obravnavajo avtorji strokovnih del. Posvetili smo se obdobju pubertete in tveganemu spolnemu vedenju najstnikov, ki vstopajo v spolne odnose. Izpostavili smo, da so poleg staršev za vzgojo in s tem tudi za spolno vzgojo najstnikov odgovorni tudi učitelji, saj se prve ljubezni kujejo že v šoli. Mladostniki spoznavajo povsem novo razsežnost ljubezni, ki se nanaša na spolnost. Najbolj naravna stvar na svetu je, da se zaljubimo in spoznamo, da pri tem ne igra glavne vloge le srce, ampak tudi telo. Opozorimo na dejstvo, da spolna vzgoja v šoli pripomore tudi k boljši ozaveščenosti najstnikov o spolno prenosljivih boleznih. V šoli se učenci seznanijo z vsebinami s področja spolne vzgoje, izvedba programov pa je odvisna od učnih načrtov, učbenikov in usposobljenosti učiteljev. V raziskavi smo preverjali znanje učencev o vsebinah s področja spolne vzgoje in ugotovili, da je večina učencev s temi vsebinami seznanjena. Največ vsebin s področja spolne vzgoje so učenci obravnavali pri predmetu biologija in pri razrednih urah. Kljub temu pa učenci še vedno pogrešajo vsebine o pripravljenosti na spolne odnose. Medpredmetno povezovanje zahteva dodatno oblikovanje učnih načrtov, izobraževanje za učitelje, prilagoditev učnih pripomočkov in enake možnosti izvedbe predlaganih vsebin. Naša raziskava je pokazala, da več učiteljev meni, da ima dovolj znanja za poučevanje zahtevnih vsebin s področja spolne vzgoje, kljub temu pa jih nekaj meni, da nimajo dovolj znanja oziroma se o tem ne morejo opredeliti. Učitelji bi dodatne vsebine posameznih tem, kot so »Življenjske in spolne navade v različnih zgodovinskih obdobjih in kulturah«, »Značilnosti odraščanja na čustvenem področju«, »Razvoj pozitivne samopodobe«, »Medosebni odnosi med spoloma« in »Zaljubljenost, ljubezen, razočaranje« uvrstili k predmetoma biologija in domovinska in državljanska kultura ter etika. Glede na izide raziskave smo oblikovali predlog, kako bi te vsebine lahko vključili k posameznim predmetom. Upoštevali smo operativne cilje, ki jih že zajemajo učni načrti omenjenih predmetov in jih dopolnili s svojimi predlogi. Puberty is s period in our life, when our body is changing. These changes may last a few years especially for pupils in elementary schools. Therefore we wanted to research, how do they effect on pupils and if teachers can help them. In the theoretical part of the research we have exposed topics about growing up and interpersonal relationships from the authors of some professional works. We focused on the growing up period and on the risk-taking sexual behavior of the teenagers, who are entering into sexual relationships. We have also highlighted that both parents and teachers are responsible for the education and sexual education of the teenagers, because first loves can already appear in the elementary schools. Young people learn about new dimensions of love, which concerns sexuality. The most natural thing in the world is to fall in love and we have to realize that both is important not just the heart but also the body. It is important to note, that sexual education in school can contribute to a better awareness of teenagers about sexually transmitted diseases. In the school pupils become acquainted with the topics about sexual education. Implement of the program depends on the curriculum, textbooks and the teachers' skills. In our research we have been checking pupils’ knowledge about sexual education topics. We established that the majority of the pupils are acquainted with the contents. The majority of the contents about sexual education were discussed at biology lessons and at the class lessons. Pupils still miss contents about preparedness for the sexual intercourse. Cross-curricular approaches require additional forming of the curriculums, education of the teachers, adjustment of the teaching aids and equal opportunities for implementation of the proposed contents. Our research has shown, that a few teachers considers that they have enough knowledge for teaching more complex sexual education contents, but there are also some teachers that do not have enough knowledge conversely they can not be determined about it. Teacher would like to include to some school subjects such as a biology, civic education and ethics some additional contents like »Life and sexual customs from the different historical periods and cultures«, »Characteristics of growing up on emotional fields», »Development of the positive self-esteem», »Interpersonal relationships among genders» and »Falling in love, love and disappointment». In accordance with the research outcome we also developed the proposal, how to include these contents to specific subjects. We took into account operational objectives, which are already in the curriculums of the mentioned school subjects and we supplemented them with our submissions. puberteta spolnost ljubezen učni načrti učbeniki puberty sexuality love curriculum textbooks true true false [J. A. Novoselec] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2015-09-21 11:05:04 2015-11-13 17:49:32 2022-06-07 03:07:42 2021-05-13 03:23:58 2015 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 37.091.2:613.88(043.2) 21702408 URN:SI:UM:DK:XOBTKZYX MAG_Novoselec_Jasna_Ana_2015.pdf MAG_Novoselec_Jasna_Ana_2015.pdf 1 DBADDFFFBBC4E2A7BC0F6C9271077F8E a2009c7205a6bb3f2b6d99166908266077211a08faa508fa7a956c25fcef2404 17d2b3bd-7c07-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=81611 Filozofska fakulteta 0 0 0