20.500.12556/DKUM-55177 Vpliv situacijskih dejavnikov pri zlorabi zapornikov v Abu Ghraibu diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študija The influence of situational factors on the abuse of prisoners at Abu Ghraib Na splošno lahko zapore definiramo kot totalne organizacije, katere namen je kaznovati ljudi, ki so kršili formalne družbene norme in jih je družba posledično kaznovala z odvzemom svobode (Wikipedia, 2014). Področje nasilja paznikov nad zaporniki v zaporih pa lahko obravnavamo kot specifično dogajanje, kjer prihaja do nekorektnega, nestrokovnega, nehumanega, ponižujočega vedenja v razmerju pazniki–zaporniki, predvsem zaradi popolnega neravnovesja moči glavnih akterjev. Na eni strani so pazniki, ki dominirajo, imajo vlogo nadzorovalcev zapornikov, ki se morajo obnašati po točno določenih normah. Tu pa prihaja do nepravilnosti, saj v določenih primerih pazniki prekoračijo svoja pooblastila in zaporniki postanejo žrtve lastne nemoči. Diplomsko delo bo prikazalo primer nemoči zapornikov v Abu Ghraibu, kjer so bili žrtve mučenja s strani paznikov, kjer so nekateri izkoristili kaos, da bi bodisi spustili na plan svoje težnje po dominantnosti, si »krajšali« čas ali pa v slepi veri verjeli, da z nizkotnimi dejanji pomagajo pri preprečevanju terorističnih napadov in reševanju ameriških življenj tako v Iraku, kot tudi doma, v Združenih državah Amerike. Problematike smo se lotili z vidika knjige Phillipa Zimbarda. V tem delu nam je avtor predstavil svojo teorijo o razlagi problematike. Mi smo skušali preveriti veljavnost teorije s pomočjo ugotovitev drugih avtorjev, od mnenj generalov, do mnenj psihologov in sociologov ter običajnih posameznikov oziroma laikov, ki so se podrobneje poglobili v omenjeno problematiko. V empiričnem delu smo skušali dobiti lasten približek zahtevnosti opravljanja pazniškega poklica, zato smo v Zavodu za prestajanje kazni zapora Maribor, oddelku Murska Sobota, preverili prisotnost stresa in posledično izgorelosti pri zaporniškem delu. Rezultati so pokazali, da je poklic paznika zahteven že pri normalnih pogojih, v pogojih in okoliščinah, kakršni so bili v Abu Ghraibu postane korektno opravljanje poklica in hkratno upoštevanje vseh pravic in dolžnosti izredno težka naloga. In general we can define prisons as total organizations which purpose is to punish people who have broken some of the formal social norms and the society consequently punished them with taking their freedom (Wikipedia, 2014). The prison guards’ violence on the prisoners area can be regarded as a specific state, where it comes to incorrect, unprofessional, inhuman and degradation behavior in a relationship between guard(s)-prisoner(s) due to complete imbalance of power of those two figures. On the one side are the guards, who dominate, who have the task to supervise the prisoners and have the task to follow the strict prescribed rules. On this point incorrectness is in common, because in some cases the guards transcend their authorizations and the prisoners become the victims of their own powerlessness. The thesis will show the example of powerlessness of those people imprisoned in Abu Ghraib, where they were victims of torture from the guards who have used the chaos to release their lust for dominance, maybe »shorten« their time or blind fully believed that with those actions they can help to prevent terrorist attacks and saving American lives in Iraq as well as in the United States of America. The problem has been tackled from the point of view of Phillip Zimbardo's book. In this part the author has presented his theory of the interpretation of the issue. We tried to verify the validity of the theory by using the findings of other authors, the views of the generals and the opinions of psychologists and sociologists as well as of ordinary individuals who have worked with these issues. In the empirical part we tried to get its own approximation of complexity of prison guard's profession. That is why we have in prison in Maribor, Murska Sobota department verified the presence of stress and consequently burnout effect in prison work. The results showed that the profession of a prison guard is already difficult under normal conditions, in the conditions and circumstances such as those at Abu Ghraib gets being professional and at the same time taking into account the entire rights and duties extremely difficult task. zapori zaporniki pazniki pooblastila kršitve situacijski dejavniki izgorelost agresija zlorabe mučenje Luciferjev efekt diplomske naloge Abu Ghraib Lucifer effect guards situational factors burnout aggression abuses responsibility true true false S. Farič] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2015-10-04 16:31:29 2015-11-02 12:39:50 2022-06-08 03:10:56 2021-05-13 03:33:53 2015 0 [Ljubljana 2015 [Ljubljana 57 str. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 343.6+343.8(043.2) 3042026 URN:SI:UM:DK:JPEX5PPT UN_Faric_Saso_2015.pdf UN_Faric_Saso_2015.pdf 1 4CCB95DBCA92F20A4DE64AC0B042C894 3d6996a22c5f13441eb5eae4ade8853de8af788629ac2e5448078c98d5fea8a2 3c744b04-7c07-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=82426 Fakulteta za varnostne vede 0 0 0