20.500.12556/DKUM-55326 SINTEZA ZEOLITOV S FAUJASITNIM STRUKTURNIM TIPOM NA POL-INDUSTRIJSKEM NIVOJU SYNTHESIS OF ZEOLITES WITH FAUJASITE FRAMEWORK TYPE ON A SEMI-INDUSTRIAL SCALE Zeoliti so kristalinični aluminosilikatni materiali s tridimenzionalno mikroporozno strukturo, ki vsebuje veliko praznin v obliki por in kanalov. Sintetični zeoliti sodijo med pomembnejše anorganske materiale s široko uporabo v številnih industrijskih panogah. Zeoliti s faujasitnim strukturnim tipom se uporabljajo kot molekularna sita za ločevanje in čiščenje tehničnih plinov ter kot adsorbenti. Zeolita s faujasitnim strukturnim tipom, zeolita X in Y, imata enako kristalno strukturo, razlikujeta se le v razmerju vgrajenih silicijevih in aluminijevih atomov. Diplomska naloga v prvem delu obsega optimizacijo sinteze zeolitov s faujasitnim strukturnim tipom na laboratorijskem nivoju. Optimizacija sinteze na laboratorijski ravni obsega študij vplivov razmerja med reaktanti (SiO2/Al2O3, Al2O3/H2O, Na2O/H2O) ter vpliv dodatka kristalizacijskih jeder na proces kristalizacije faujasitnega tipa zeolita. Preučili smo vpliv mešanja in doziranja komponent na pripravo aluminosilikatnega gela, in vpliv segrevanja, temperature ter časa kristalizacije aluminosilikatnega gela na karakteristične lastnosti pripravljenih zeolitov, kot so velikostna porazdelitev delcev, oblika delcev, kalcijeva in magnezijeva izmenjalna kapaciteta, vodna adsorpcijska kapaciteta, idr. Na podlagi dobljenih rezultatov na laboratorijskem nivoju smo izvedli prenos sinteze na pilotni reaktor z volumnom 1200 L. Namen sinteze na pilotnem reaktorju je sintetizirati fazno čist in kristaliničen zeolit z optimalnimi morfološkimi lastnostmi. Za sintezo na pilotnem reaktorju smo v kratkem času zmešali demineralizirano vodo, natrijevo vodno steklo, natrijev hidroksid in natrijev aluminat. Natrijevo vodno steklo in natrijev aluminat sta produkta podjetja Silkem d. o. o. Hidrogel za sintezo zeolita X smo najprej starali, nato hitro segreli na temperaturo kristalizacije. Sinteza zeolita Y je identična sintezi zeolita X, le da smo po staranju dodali gel s kristalizacijskimi jedri. Nastala zeolita, zeolit X, z molskim razmerjem M(SiO2/Al2O3)=2,44, in zeolit Y, z molskim razmerjem M(SiO2/Al2O3)=3,74, sta bila fazno čista in dobro kristalinična, z optimalno porazdelitvijo delcev in visoko kapaciteto vodne adsorpcije. Zeolites are crystalline aluminosilicates materials with a three-dimensional microporous structure, that contains a lot of voids in the form of chanals and pores. Synthesized zeolites belong to important inorganic materials with wide use in many industrial applications. Zeolites with a faujasite structur type are used as molecular sieves for separation and cleaning of technical gases and as adsorbents. Faujasite zeolites X and Y, have the same crystal structure, but they differentiate in molar ratio incorporated silicon and aluminum. In the first part of my thesis the optimization of the synthesis of zeolites with faujasite structur type on the laboratory level is described. The optimization of the synthesis on the laboratory level consists of the study of the influence of the molar ratio between reactants (SiO2/Al2O3, Al2O3/H2O, Na2O/H2O) and the effect of additiong of crystallization seeds on the process of crystalization of the faujasite structure type. We studied the influence of mixing and dosing of reactant components on the preparation of an aluminosilicate gel, the influence of heating, crystallization temperature and time of the aluminosilicate gel on the characteristic properties of prepared zeolites, such as partical size distribution, morphology of particles, calcium and magnesium exchange capacity, water adsorption capacity,… A scale-up synthesis on a pilot reactor with the volume of 1200 L was performed – according to the results on the laboratory synthesis. The goal of the synthesis using the pilot reactor is to synthesize a pure phase of crystalline zeolite with optimal morphological properties. Demineralized water, sodium water-glass, sodium hydroxide and sodium aluminate were mixed in a short period of time for the synthesis on the pilot. Sodium water-glass and sodium aluminate are products of the company Silkem d.o.o. Hydrogel for the synthesis of zeolite X was first aged, then heated to the crystallization temperature. Synthesis procedure of zeolite Y is similar to synthesis procedure of zeolite X, with the difference that a gel with crystallization seeds was added after aging of the hydrogel. As synthesised zeolites prepared in pilot reactor are pure crystalline phasees: zeolite X with molar ratio M(SiO2/Al2O3)=2,44 and zeolite Y with molar ratio M(SiO2/Al2O3)=3,74. They have appropriate particle size distributions and high water adsorption capacity. zeolit faujasit sinteza zeolit X zeolit Y zeolite faujasite synthesis zeolite X zeolite Y true true false [T. Kokot] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo 2015-10-21 12:36:29 2015-12-01 08:07:35 2022-06-08 03:11:49 2021-05-14 03:21:50 2015 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 661.183.6(043.2) 19369750 URN:SI:UM:DK:KL3WRL78 UN_Kokot_Tamara_2015.pdf UN_Kokot_Tamara_2015.pdf 1 F632327279514709543E082EA0095679 c6c02b32281f29ab9e9a0a8147e32c9e6e6f40594808c5e7c39b5d0d65d2fdf9 0a740ce7-7c08-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=83255 Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo 0 0 0