20.500.12556/DKUM-57978 Napolnjenost steklenice kot model odzivnosti receptorjev za barvni vid Bottle model of colour vision V magistrskem delu obravnavam fizikalni vidik barvnega vida. Izmeril sem spektre svetlobe odbite od zeleno, rdeče, rumeno, oranžno in rjavo obarvane površine. Iz intenzitete odbite svetlobe pri dani valovni dolžini in spektralne občutljivosti čepkov sem izračunal relativno vzbuditev posameznih vrst čepkov. Predlagal sem model delno napolnjenih steklenic, kjer napolnjenost ponazarja vzbuditev posameznih vrst čepkov. Model dijakom omogoča lažje razumevanje detekcije svetlobe. Relativno napolnjenost steklenic povežem z vtisom barve v možganih in razložim, kdaj vidimo rjavo. Pokažem, da so v primeru, ko opazujemo oranžno telo, čepki relativno enako vzbujeni, kot če opazujemo rjavo, le absolutno so veliko manj vzbujeni. Pregledal sem, kako zaznavo barve opisujejo slovenski učbeniki za osnovne in srednje šole. V nobenem učbeniku nisem zasledili, da bi se pri zaznavanju barvnih odtenkov posvetili vsem trem parametrom, ki so za zaznavanje barv pomembni: barvi svetlobe, nasičenosti in intenziteti svetlobe. Z modelom delno napolnjenih steklenic pa lahko upoštevamo vse parametre. Opozoril sem tudi na nekatere napake in nedosledno rabo izrazov, ki se uporabljajo v učbenikih. Da sem preveril, ali je model delno napolnjenih steklenic uporaben v šoli, sem izvedel pedagoški eksperiment. Dijake sem razdelil v dve skupini. V kontrolni skupini sem barvni vid razlagal tako, kot je zapisano v veljavnih učbenikih, v eksperimentalni skupini pa sem uporabil model napolnjenih steklenic. S predtestom sem potrdil, da je predznanje dijakov v obeh skupinah približno enako, s potestoma pa preveril znanje obeh skupin in ugotovil, da so dijaki v eksperimentalni skupini dosegli višjo raven znanja, obenem pa je pridobljeno znanje dolgotrajnejše. The master thesis deals with physics aspect of colour vision. The spectral composition of light reflected from the green, red, yellow, orange and brown surface was measured. Based on the intensity of the reflected light at a given wave length and spectral sensitivity of the cones, we calculated the relative excitement of different types of cones. We constructed a model of partially filled bottles, where the amount of filling depends on the excitement of different types of cones. The model helps students to better understand the detection of light. The relative filling of the bottles is linked to the colour impression in brains and through that we explain when we see brown colour. We show that when we observe an orange body, the cones are relatively equally excited as when we observe a brown body, however, in the latter case they are absolutely less excited. We studied the explanation of the colour perception in the Slovenian primary and secondary school textbooks. None of the textbooks pays attention to all three parameters, that are essential for colour perception: the hue, saturation and intensity. Using the model of partially filled bottles all three parameters can be taken into consideration. We also pointed out some mistakes and inconsistencies in the terminology used in the textbooks. To verify if the model of partially filled bottles is applicable in schools, a pedagogical experiment was carried out. Students were divided into two groups. To the control group the colour sight was explained in the way it is explained in the school textbooks, whereas the experimental group learned through the model of partially filled bottles. A pre-test verified that the pre-knowledge of students was approximately equal in both groups. The after test, however, proved that the students in the experimental group obtained a higher level of knowledge with a long term effect. zaznavanje barv rjava barva napolnjenost steklenic kot model vzbuditve čepkov pedagoški eksperiment colour perception brown colour filled bottles as a model of cone excitement pedagogical experiment true true false [M. Erjavec] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo 2016-03-31 18:15:47 2016-06-20 14:33:44 2022-06-15 03:09:58 2019-07-11 10:24:30 2016 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 535.6:37.091.3(043.2) 22286856 URN:SI:UM:DK:QAKZBG4D MAG_Erjavec_Matej_2016.pdf MAG_Erjavec_Matej_2016.pdf 1 D6E7C1A63F137FADED66DCC71E607FFC 00cbf3c1d40c7a085a59305e06f4e1068dd5617a9891ed9ad935cf9ff6b50389 a245a997-7c0c-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=93543 Fakulteta za naravoslovje in matematiko 0 0 0