20.500.12556/DKUM-59380 PRIDOBITEV LASTNINSKE PRAVICE NA NAJDENIH PREMIČNINAH: PRIMERJAVA SLOVENSKEGA, AMERIŠKEGA, SRBSKEGA IN ITALIJANSKEGA PRAVNEGA SISTEMA ACQUISITION OF OWNERSHIP ON MOVABLE FINDINGS: COMPARISON BETWEEN SLOVENIAN, US, SERBIAN AND ITALIAN LAW V diplomski nalogi je predstavljena primerjava pridobitve lastninske pravice na najdenih premičninah ter stvareh brez lastnika med slovenskim, ameriškim, srbskim in italijanskim pravnim redom. Za razliko od evropskega kontinentalnega prava ameriški sistem temelji na običajnem pravu (angl. common law) in za ta del pravnega urejanja pozna izraz law of finders – pravo najditeljev. Kljub obsežni sodni praksi, so nekatere zvezne države ZDA sprejele zakone, s katerimi so omenjeno področje uredile drugače, kot so to prej določala običajnopravna pravila. Med primerjanimi evropskimi pravnimi ureditvami pozitivno srbsko pravo trenutno sicer še ne predvideva pridobitve privatne lastninske pravice na najdeni stvari, zato pa načrt novega zakonika ponuja zelo podobne rešitve, kot jih trenutno poznata slovenski in italijanski pravni red. Po pregledu posameznih zakonodaj so na koncu naloge strnjene ugotovitve, katere so glavne skupne značilnosti pravnih redov, kje prihaja do razlik, in kakšna je predvidena nadaljnja smer urejanja. Ne glede na to, da za slovensko ureditev ne moremo trditi, da je brez pomanjkljivosti, pa lahko povzamemo, da je trenutno slovensko pravo najditeljev primerljivo s pravnimi redi opisanih držav, katere vse sledijo cilju, da se mora najdena stvar primarno vrniti lastniku, da je potrebno najdbo prijaviti pristojnemu organu oziroma policiji ter da se po poteku za to določenega časovnega roka, v katerem se lastnik ni oglasil, lastninska pravica na najdeni premičnini prenese na najditelja (tukaj je zaenkrat še izjema Srbija, kjer se lahko lastninska pravica na taki stvari prenese zgolj na državo). This thesis presents the comparison between Slovenian, US, Serbian and Italian legislation, in the matter how to acquire the ownership of found movables and objects without owner. Unlike the European continental law, US system is based on the common law rules, and has a legal term dealing with that field, called the law of finders. Despite the extensive jurisprudence, some of the federal states in USA have adopted laws that regulate this area differently and do not follow the common law rules. Among compared European legislations the positivie Serbian law at the moment of writing does not provide the acquisition of private ownership on found object, but the new Act plan is offering similar solutions, as known in Slovenian and Italian legislations. Finally, after reviewing various legislations, the research produces a summary of mutual characteristics, the differences between them and the predicted course that the contemporary legislations are taking. Despite the fact that the Slovenian legislation has its shortcomings, it can be summarized, that the current Slovenian law of finders is in fact comparable with the legislations of mentioned countries above. The goal that these countries pursue consists of three basic steps: namely, to return the found object to its owner, to report the finding to the responsible office or to the police and in case owner is not found after selected time of period, to pass the ownership of found object onto the finder (exception in this case is Serbia, where the ownership on lost object can be acquired only by state). najdene premičnine stvari brez lastnika najdba neznatne vrednosti pridobitev lastninske pravice zaklad Slovenija ZDA Srbija Italija law of finders found movables objects without an owner finding of insignificant value acquisition of ownership (title) treasure Slovenia USA Serbia Italy true true false [M. Vujović] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo 2016-05-13 11:14:44 2016-06-24 10:54:50 2022-06-20 03:06:36 2019-07-11 11:11:52 2016 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 347.25(043.2) 5113131 URN:SI:UM:DK:RUFXDIRE UN_Vujovic_Marko_2016.pdf UN_Vujovic_Marko_2016.pdf 1 2BA1543996900396E903166C283B024D f2baf5c05b5ede1a9beb117cd6eac805cca1eef055fe98d6fc14e35debd35c3f 745da29d-7c0c-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=91577 Pravna fakulteta 0 0 0