20.500.12556/DKUM-61045 POSLOVNA IN PROCESNA SPOSOBNOST MLADOLETNE OSEBE V CIVILNIH ZADEVAH Legal and procedural capacity of minors in civil cases V nalogi je obravnavana ureditev poslovne sposobnosti mladoletne osebe v civilnih zadevah v slovenskem pravnem redu, ki pozna popolno in delno ali omejeno poslovno sposobnost. Slednja je podeljena razsodnim mladoletnim osebam, ki so dopolnile 15 let. Njihova poslovna sposobnost je omejena, ker ne morejo samostojno veljavno sklepati pravnih poslov, ki jih zakonodajalec opredeljuje kot pomembne za mladoletnikovo življenje. Za njihovo veljavnost je potrebno dovoljenje oziroma odobritev zakonitega zastopnika mladoletne osebe. Zaradi ohlapne opredelitve pomembnih pravnih poslov je v nalogi namenjena posebna pozornost tej zakonski določbi. Izpostavljeno je vprašanje veljavnosti pravnih poslov, sklenjenih brez dovoljenja oziroma odobritve zakonitega zastopnika, pri čemer smo zavzeli stališče njihove relativne neveljavnosti. V nadaljevanju naloge sledi pregled ureditve procesne sposobnosti mladoletne osebe s poudarkom na postopkih iz družinskopravnih razmerij, ki se vodijo po pravilih pravdnega ali nepravdnega postopka. Pregled obeh vrst postopkov pokaže pomanjkljivo ureditev nepravdnega postopka in vprašljivo subsidiarno uporabo pravil pravdnega postopka v nepravdnem postopku. Ker se je v teh zadevah Republika Slovenija zavezala spoštovati mednarodne dokumente in s tem zagotavljati določene procesne pravice otrokom, je veljavna ureditev analizirana tudi v luči skladnosti s temi dokumenti, pri čemer je vsebina le-teh predstavljena v ključnih točkah. Primerjava je pokazala neskladnost slovenske pravne ureditve z mednarodnimi dokumenti. Naloga se zaključi z analizo ustreznosti ureditve izvršilnega postopka, tako z vidika zagotavljanja pravnega varstva mladoletnim osebam kot z vidika varstva koristi otrok in njihovih pravic v postopku izvršbe v zadevah iz razmerij med starši in otroki. Ugotovili smo, da po obstoječi ureditvi v postopku izvršbe in zavarovanja mladoletniku ni vedno zagotovljena pravica do sodnega varstva, zaradi česar bi bilo potrebno posebej urediti procesno sposobnost mladoletne osebe v postopku izvršbe in zavarovanja. Kot neprimerna se je izkazala ureditev postopka izvršbe v zadevah iz razmerij med starši in otroki, saj otroku v teh postopkih ni dana možnost izraziti lastno mnenje, zaradi česar se pod vprašaj postavlja ustrezen nivo zagotavljanja otrokovih koristi v teh postopkih. V nalogi smo se dotaknili tudi predlaganega besedila Družinskega zakonika, ki bi lahko odpravil kar nekaj ugotovljenih pomanjkljivosti veljavne ureditve obravnavane tematike. The thesis deals with the regulation of legal capacitiy of minors in civil matters in the Slovenian legal order, which is either fully or partially limited. The latter is granted to minors who have already completed 15 years. Their capacity is limited because they are not allowed to independently and validly conclude legal transactions that are by the legislature defined as important for the minor's life. The validity of their legal transactions is a subject to authorization or approval of the legal representative of a minor. The loose definition of significant legal transactions is the reason we give a special attention to this statutory provision. We highlight the question of the validity of concluded legal transactions without the permission or approval of the legal representative and we take the view of their relative ineffectiveness. The thesis continues by the review of regulation of the capacity of a minor with an emphasis on family court procedures which are managed according to the rules of litigation procedures or non-litigious procedures. An overview of both types of procedures showed a lack of regulations of non-litigious procedures, and questionable subsidiary application of the rules of civil procedure in the non-civil procedure. Whereas in these matters the Republic of Slovenia has undertaken to comply with the international documents, thus ensuring a certain procedural rights for children, the regime was also analyzed in terms of compliance with these documents. The content of documents is presented with the key points. The comparison showed the inconsistency of Slovenian legal order with the international instruments. The thesis ends with an analysis of the adequacy of the enforcement procedure, in terms of providing legal protection to minors and protecting the interests of children and their rights in the enforcement procedure in matters of relationships between parents and children. We found that the current situation in the enforcement procedures minor is not always guaranteed right to judicial protection, which should be specially regulated process capability of minors in the enforcement procedures. A regulation of enforcement procedure in matters of relationships between parents and children was proved as inadequate, because children in these procedures are not given the opportunity to express their own opinions, which arises a question of ensuring an appropriate level of child benefit in these procedures. In the thesis, we also discussed the content of the proposed Family Code, which could eliminate some of the deficiencies found on the existing subject discussed. poslovna sposobnost procesna sposobnost mladoletnik pravdni postopek nepravdni postopek izvršilni postopek Konvencija o otrokovih pravicah Evropska konvencija o uresničevanju otrokovih pravic Družinski zakonik. legal capacity procedural capacity a minor litigation procedure non-litigious procedure enforcement procedure the Convention on the Rights of the Child the European Convention on the Exercise of Children's Rights Family Code. true true false M. Doganjić] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo 2016-07-17 21:47:14 2016-09-20 12:40:21 2022-06-25 03:07:22 2019-07-11 11:35:31 2016 0 [S. l. 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 347(043.3) 5290283 URN:SI:UM:DK:FTASRLBC MAG_Doganjic_Maja_2016.pdf MAG_Doganjic_Maja_2016.pdf 1 A0F94CE7CC38B0AC355D99FD5FEDAD91 0206bb86c1be9a4e43fc8bc02152cc9d79161a733ee22981d2b973aef8293403 cc4502d7-7c0d-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=107681 Pravna fakulteta 0 0 0