20.500.12556/DKUM-62214 REZULTATI PITANJA PRAŠIČEV V KMEČKIH REJAH – MEŠANA ŽIVINOREJSKA KMETIJA FATTENING PERFORMANCE OF PIGS ON FAMILY FARMS - MIXED LIFESTOCK FARM Na dveh mešanih živinorejskih kmetijah (S in L) smo spremljali pitanje prašičev v obdobju enega turnusa (5 mesecev, od 30 do 120 kg). Na kmetiji S smo spremljali 9 prašičev (komercialni križanci), na kmetiji L pa 6 prašičev (križanci 12×54). Živali smo v času pitanja individualno tehtali ter izračunali dnevne priraste. Izvedli smo Weendsko analizo krme in dnevno spremljali porabo krme na boks. Po zakolu smo določili klavno kakovost in kakovost mesa. Analiza vzorcev krme je pokazala, da so imeli prašiči na kmetiji S v obroku (v kg sveže snovi) 101 g beljakovin (SB) 11,6 MJ metabolne energije (ME), prašiči na kmetiji L pa 98 g SB in 14,3 MJ ME. Na kmetiji S so prašiči dosegli 530 g dnevnega prirasta (DP), konzumacijo 1,94 in konverzijo 3,67. Na kmetiji L so imeli prašiči DP 641 g, konzumacijo 2,73 in konverzijo 4,26. Poleg energetsko bogatejše krme, so imeli prašiči na kmetiji L 30 % višjo konzumacijo krme. Ti prašiči so zaužili 37-45 % več energije in 20-30 % več surovih beljakovin kot prašiči na kmetiji S. V obeh primerih pa je bil krmni obrok neustrezen/neuravnotežen. Prašiči kmetije L so imeli glede na normative energetsko prebogato krmo in primanjkljaj SB, posledično so razmeroma dobro rastli, vendar so se zamastili. Prašiči na kmetiji S so imeli skozi celotno obdobje pitanja glede na normative pomanjkanje ME in SB. Posledica tega so bili nižji dnevni prirasti, manjša zamaščenost in večja mesnatost trupov. Prašiči kmetije L so imeli debelejšo slanino in manj mesnate trupe. V kakovosti mesa med kmetijama ni bilo značilnih razlik. Fattening of pigs was monitored on two mixed livestock farms (S and L) for the period of 5 months. From about 30 to 120 kg, 9 pigs (commercial hybrids) and 6 pigs (crossbreeds 12×54) were monitored on farm L and S, respectively. During fattening, animals were weighed individually and average daily gain was calculated. Weende analysis of feed was carried out and feed consumption per pen was recorded daily. After slaughter, carcass and meat quality was determined. According to the chemical analysis, feed from farm S contained 101 g protein (CP) and 11.6 MJ metabolic energy (ME) per kg of fresh matter, while feed from farm L contained 98 g SB and 14.3 MJ ME. Pigs from farm S had daily gains (DG) of 530 g, feed intake of 1.94 and feed conversion of 3.67. Pigs from farm L reached DG of 641 g and had intake of 2.73 and conversion of 4.26. Besides higher energy content, pigs from farm L had also 30% higher feed intake. Thus these pigs consumed 37-45% more ME and 20-30% more CP than the pigs from farm S. However, on farms pig diet was unbalanced. Respecting the normative values, pigs from farm L had excess of energy; consequently they grew relatively good, but had higher carcass fatness. On farm S, there was a lack of energy and protein as compared to the feeding normative in the whole fattening period. Pigs had lower daily gains, less fat cover and higher meat percentage. As regards carcass quality, pigs from farm L had thicker fat and less meaty carcasses compared to pigs from S farm. The quality of meat did not differ between studied farms. prašiči kmečka reja rastnost klavna kakovost kakovost mesa pigs family farm growth carcass quality meat quality true true false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2016-08-24 09:58:50 2016-08-31 12:17:07 2022-06-28 03:08:28 2019-07-11 12:47:44 2016 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 URN:SI:UM:DK:OZHRNTFN VS_Horvat_Katarina_2016.pdf VS_Horvat_Katarina_2016.pdf 1 21660A6525035D39F4CD120D21727429 10432c25a0161dc7441f687f63627a3043036e0687926aaa02aef7ff6c5be14d 1943df35-7c0d-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=99778 Fakulteta za kmetijstvo in biosistemske vede 0 0 0