20.500.12556/DKUM-62268 PRIPRAVA SAMOGASNE MEŠANICENA OSNOVI BLOK KOPOLIMEROV Z NE-HALOGENSKIMI ZAVIRALCI GORLJIVOSTI PREPARATION OF NON-FLAMMABLE MIXTURE BASED ON BLOCK COPOLYMERS WITH NON-HALOGEN FLAME RETARDANTS Namen diplomskega dela je bil pripraviti samogasno mešanico zmanjšane stopnje gorljivosti z ne-halogenskimi zaviralci gorenja v primerjavi s standardno mešanico brez vsebnosti le teh ter določiti stopnjo gorljivosti glede na standard UL 94. Na tehnološki opremi za pripravo in izdelavo končnega granulata smo izdelali štiri različne mešanice, ki so vsebovale različne aditive za izboljšanje stopnje negorljivosti, določili stopnjo negorljivosti ter osnovne fizikalne lastnosti mešanic. Rezultate smo nato primerjali. Na osnovi primerjave rezultatov smo ugotovili, da se določene fizikalno-mehanske lastnosti mešanic precej razlikujejo, kar smo glede na različne dodane aditive tudi pričakovali. Sledi zaključek, da so tako fizikalno-mehanske lastnosti, kakor tudi stopnja negorljivosti pripravljenih mešanic, odvisne predvsem od dobre homogenizacije surovin pri procesu priprave mešanice ter enakomernosti polipropilenske (PP) matrike v fazi kompaundiranja predpripravljene mešanice. Stopnja samogasnosti se je izboljševala z zamenjavami in količinami dodanih aditivov v smeri aktivnih zaviralcev gorenja v osnovno mešanico. Tako je bila stopnja samogasnosti kontrolne mešanice številka 1, pripravljene z aditivom kalcijevega karbonata najslabša in ni dosegla minimalnih zahtev standarda UL 94 V2, dosegla pa je zahteve po normi UL 94 HB na debelini 3,2 mm. V mešanici številka 2, kjer smo 25 % količine kalcijevega karbonata zamenjali z nehalogenskim aditivom za zmanjšanje stopnje gorljivosti, prav tako nismo dosegli željenih zahtev standarda UL 94 V2, je pa ta mešanica dosegla zahteve standarda UL 94 HB. V mešanici številka 3, kjer smo celotno količino kalcijevega karbonata zamenjali z anorganskim aditivom magnezijevim hidroksidom, nam prav tako ni uspelo doseči minimalnih zahtev standarda UL 94 V2, je pa ta mešanica dosegla zahteve standarda UL 94 HB. V mešanici številka 4, kjer smo kot zamenjavo uporabili izbrani aditiv na nehalogenski osnovi, pa smo uspeli doseči željeni rezultat in sicer stopnjo negorljivosti po UL 94 V0. Iz dobljenih rezultatov je razvidno, da se z nehalogenskimi anorganskimi dodatki za zmanjšanje gorljivosti ne da izdelati mešanice s stopnjo negorljivosti po UL 94 V0. Za doseganje le te je bilo potrebno uporabiti aditiv za zmanjšanje gorljivosti na ne-halogenski osnovi, ki je vseboval vezan fosfor, v kombinaciji s pravilno izbranim sinergistom. The aim of the thesis was to prepare a self-extinguishing mixture with a reduced level of combustibility with halogen-free flame retardants and compare it to the standard mixture that does not contain them, and to determine the level of combustibility according to the norm UL 94. With the technological equipment for the preparation and production of the end granulate we produced four different mixtures containing different additives. The comparison is folloved by the conclusion that the physical and mechanical properties as well as the level of incombustibility of the prepared mixtures mostly depend on the good homogenisation of the raw materials during the preparation process of the mixture, and the evennes of the polypropylen (PP) matrix in the compounding phase of the pre-processed mixture. The level of self-extinguishment improved when we substituted and changed the amount of the additives in the direction of active flame retardants into the basic mixture. The level of self-extinguishment of the control mixture number 1 prepared with the additive of calcium carbonate was worse and did not meet the minimal requirements of the norm UL 94 V2, but did meet requirements of the norm UL 94 HB on tickness 3,2 mm. Mixture number 2, where we substituted 25% of calcium carbonate with halogen-free additive fort he reduction of the level of combustibility also did not fulfil the desired requirements of the norm UL 94 V2, however, the mixture did the reguirements of the norm UL 94 HB. Mixture number 3, where we substituted the whole quantity of calcium carbonate with the inorganic aditive magnesium hydroxide, also did not meet the minimal requirements of the norm UL 94 V2, nevertheless, the mixture did fulfil the requirements of the norm UL 94 HB. Finnaly, mixture number 4, where we used a selected additive on a halogen-free base, reached the set result and matched the level of incombustibility according to UL 94 V0. It is evident from the results obtained that it is not possible to produce a mixture with the level of incombusibility in accordance with UL 94 V0 by adding only halogen-free inorganic aditives fort he reduction of combustibility. In order to fulfil the requirements it was needed to use a halogen-free additive for the reduction of combustibility that contained bound phosphor in combination with the correctly selected synergist. Nehalogenski zaviralci gorenja Stopnja gorljivosti Fosfor Silikon Polimerni materiali Halogen-free flame retardants Level of conbustibility Phosphorus Silicone Polymeric materials true true false [R. Peretin] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo 2016-08-24 20:15:21 2016-09-16 10:11:26 2022-06-28 03:08:45 2019-07-11 12:49:45 2016 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 543.632.471:687.84(043.2) 20347670 URN:SI:UM:DK:MBCLYCKJ Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo 0 0 0