20.500.12556/DKUM-63792 OBLEGANJE IN PADEC TENOCHTITLANA THE SIEGE AND FALL OF TENOCHTITLAN Konec 15. stol. se je miselnost tedanjega evropskega človeka vse bolj spreminjala. Spet so ga začele zanimati znanost, umetnost in neznane dežele. Orientalsko blago je zaradi muslimanskih posrednikov v Evropi doseglo vrtoglave cene. Zato so Evropejci začeli iskati pomorske poti proti Vzhodu. Genovežan Krištof Kolumb, ki je plul pod zastavo Kastilje, je leta 1492 odkril Ameriko. Začela se je doba španskih geografskih odkritij neevropskega sveta. Kolumb je s svojim pogumom in odločnostjo odprl pot kasnejšim španskim osvajalcem – konkvistadorjem. Do sredine 16. stoletja so ti s svojo zvitostjo, pogumom, naprednim orožjem, širjenjem krščanske vere, predvsem pa zaradi pohlepa po bogastvu, uničili ali zasužnjili večino indijanskih plemen v Srednji Ameriki. Osvojili so tudi najmogočnejšo državo Srednje Amerike – imperij Aztekov. Ta je obsegal ozemlje na področju današnje Mehike, od Tihega oceana na zahodu do Atlantskega oceana na vzhodu. Glavno mesto Tenochtitlan je bilo pravi biser. Ko so ga Španci prvič uzrli, jih je veličastnost mesta povsem prevzela, saj je imelo približno 300.000 prebivalcev – za tedanji čas Evropejcem nepredstavljiva številka. Azteki so bili zelo bojeviti, vendar ob prihodu Špancev zelo neodločni, pa tudi neenotni. Konkvistador Hernan Cortez je leta 1519 z majhnim številom španskih vojakov začel z osvajanjem imperija. Azteke mu je uspelo pokoriti po dveh letih neprestanih bojev in ob pomoči indijanskih zaveznikov. Prerokba o vrnitvi Quetzalcoatla, sovražnost med plemeni, španska preračunljivost, brezobzirnost in pohlep ter napredno orožje so povzročili propad najsijajnejše civilizacije Srednje Amerike tedanjega časa. At the end of the 15th century the mentality of the European man of that time altered increasingly. Once again he started to take interest in science, art and unknown countries. Due to Muslim handlers in Europe the oriental goods reached steep prices. Therefore Europeans started to search for sea routes to the East. Genovese Christopher Columbus, who sailed under the flag of Castile, discovered America in 1492. This started the era of Spanish geographic discoveries of the non-European world. Columbus' courage and determination opened the way for the later Spanish conquerors – conquistadors. By the middle of the 16th century they have, due to their cunningness, courage, advanced weapons, spreading of Christianity, and above all their greed for wealth, destroyed or enslaved the majority of Native American tribes in Central America. They have also conquered the mightiest country of Central America – the Aztec empire. It included the territory of today's Mexico, from the Pacific Ocean in the west to the Atlantic Ocean in the east. The capital Tenochtitlan was a true gem. As the Spaniards first laid eyes on it, they were overwhelmed by its magnificence as the city had approximately 300,000 inhabitants – an unimaginable number for the Europeans of that time. The Aztecs were very aggressive yet indecisive as well as disunited at the arrival of Spaniards. In 1519 conquistador Hernan Cortez began conquering the empire with a small number of Spanish soldiers. He managed to subdue the Aztecs after two years of constant battles and with the help of Native American allies. The prophecy of the return of Quetzalcoatl, hostility between tribes, Spanish opportunism, ruthlessness and greed as well as advanced weapons have caused the fall of the most glorious civilization of Central America of that time. Španci odkritja Srednja Amerika konkvistadorji Hernan Cortez osvajanja Mehika Azteki Spaniards discoveries Central America conquistadors Hernan Cortez conquests Mexico Aztecs true true false [S. Podhostnik] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo 2016-09-16 00:38:53 2016-10-13 13:44:14 2022-07-03 03:07:00 2019-07-11 13:40:02 2016 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 94(=822.21) 22657800 URN:SI:UM:DK:BK7WQYTH UN_Podhostnik_Simon_2016.pdf UN_Podhostnik_Simon_2016.pdf 1 C607E2580D03FFED321F5C51756B01EE 83ba957bf51d05eb802124ee70c6f69c61455c7bedc0b14a1cc7e18f46fda90e 7e7b6edf-7c0d-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=104768 Filozofska fakulteta 0 0 0