20.500.12556/DKUM-64004 DELOVANJE KMETA NA SLOVENSKEM OZEMLJU V DOBROBIT NASLEDNIKOV OPERATION FARMER ON SLOVENIAN TERRITORY FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE SOURCES POVZETEK V diplomskem delu z naslovom “Delovanje kmeta na slovenskem ozemlju v dobrobit naslednikov” se osredotočam na življenje kmeta v določenem okolju; skozi zgodovino in danes. Človek ne more preživeti brez kmetovalca, saj mu ta zagotavlja osnovni vir hrane, kljub temu pa kmet nima izkazanega enako pomembnega mesta v družbi kot ostale družbene skupine. Pri pisanju diplomskega dela sem se naslonila na naravnogeografsko razdelitev Slovenije. Predstavim opis pokrajin Slovenije, značilnosti prsti, njihovo rabo ter ogroženost prsti. Nadalje pišem o vremenskih in podnebnih značilnostih. Vsi ti dejavniki so pomembni za kmetijstvo, saj jih mora kmet upoštevati in se jim prilagajati. Tretje poglavje predstavi zgodovinski pregled kmetovanja na ozemlju današnje Slovenije. Začnem s 16. stoletjem, ko se je s kmetijstvom ukvarjalo 94 % prebivalstva, nato nadaljujem s terezijansko-jožefinskim obdobjem v 18. stoletju. To je bil čas reform, ki sta jih uvajala Marija Terezija in njen sin Jožef. Reforme so bile posledica odgovorov na kmečke upore, med drugim so z njimi hoteli doseči večjo produktivnost v poljedelstvu. Obravnavam tudi obdobje marčne revolucije v 19. stoletju, ko so bile odpravljene vse oblike tlačanskega dela in dajatve, razvijati pa se je začela kapitalistična posest. Nadaljujem z obdobjem med vojnama in po drugi svetovni vojni. Na našem ozemlju je to čas Države SHS in Kraljevine SHS. Tudi razmere v kmetijstvu so se spreminjale, glede na politične ureditve tedanjega časa. Zadnje poglavje zadeva obdobje po osamosvojitvi. V času osamosvojitve je kmetijstvo predstavljalo pomemben vir hrane in dodatnega zaslužka ljudi. Opisane so panoge kmetijstva, kot so poljedelstvo, živinoreja, gozdarstvo in vinogradništvo. Ugotavljam, da je kmetijstvo v zadnjem času pridobilo pomen v smislu multifunkcionalnega dejavnika gospodarstva v povezavi z naravovarstveno funkcijo. V petem poglavju opisujem domačijski proizvodni način kmetovanja kot terciarno logiko delovanja slovenske kmečke družbe. Govorim tudi o tem, kako delujejo kmetje danes. Lahko se odločijo za intenzivno, ekstenzivno, specializirano, samooskrbno ali tržno-usmerjeno kmetijstvo. V zadnjem poglavju se dotaknem ohranjanja zemlje ter tega koliko kmet prispeva k zdravi zemlji in k zavedanju ljudi o pomembnosti ohranjanja zdrave zemlje. ABSTRACT This diploma thesis entitled Farming Activities in Slovenia for the Benefit of Future Generations is focused on a life of a farmer in a given environment from the past till present. Mankind can not survive without farmers – the primary food providers – however, farmers enjoy no demonstrable and equitably prominent place in the society as other social groups. The thesis is based on the natural division and geographical regions of Slovenia, their descriptions and the characteristics of the soil, its use and the hazard of its exploitation. Furthermore, the weather and climate characteristics are introduced. All these factors are important for agriculture, and have to be considered by the farmers, so they can adapt their activities to. The third chapter presents a historical overview of farming in Slovenia today. It begins with the 16th century, when 94% of the Slovenia’s population was engaged in agriculture. Later on it was the time of the 18th century with the administrative and economic reforms of Maria Theresa and Joseph II. The reforms have been the responses to the peasant revolts, and not limited to achieving higher agricultural productivity. Not only this, the period of the March Revolution in the 19th century was presented, when all forms of servitudes and duties were abolished which fundamentally lead to the development of capitalist property. Proceeding with the period between the two world wars and after World War II. In the Slovenian territory, it was the time of forming the State of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes and Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. According to the political regime of the time, the agriculture was changing as well. The final chapter of the thesis highlights the period after Slovenian independence in 1991. At that time, agriculture was an important source of food and extra income for the people. Agricultural branches, such as arable farming, dairy farming, cattle farming, forestry and viticulture are described in details. Lately, the agriculture gained importance in the economy as a multi-functional factor along with its environmental protection function. The fifth chapter describes the holiday farm production farming practices as tertiary logic of Slovenian agricultural society, as well as the farming activities of the present time. Farmers can decide to run an intensive, extensive, specialized, self-sufficiency farming or market oriented agriculture. The last chapter highlights the preservation of the soil and the farmer’s aspiration for managing the land sustainability, and attracting public awareness of the importance of maintaining healthy soil. kmet konvencionalno kmetovanje ekološko kmetovanje Keywords: farmer conventional farming ecological farming true true false [K. Pušnik] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo 2016-09-20 15:27:47 2016-10-06 15:20:26 2022-07-04 03:06:20 2019-07-11 13:47:07 2016 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 316.72:94(497.4)(043.2) 22631944 URN:SI:UM:DK:1BZRWLAT UN_Pusnik_Karmen_2016.pdf UN_Pusnik_Karmen_2016.pdf 1 B3165B6398213ABED6FD0DD839E75D19 808459aa72de5d4ce7b582b7ae488f13e9e1298107cb38b32217ad77513815dc 8e4a397e-7c0d-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=105442 Filozofska fakulteta 0 0 0