20.500.12556/DKUM-64270 KOLIČINSKE NAPAKE V IZPOLNITVI PRODAJNE POGODBE QUANTITY ERRORS IN THE CONTRACT OF SALE OZ kršitve pogodbenih obveznosti deli na neizpolnitev in različne oblike nepravilne izpolnitve. Glede na vrsto kršitve se določajo pogoji za uveljavljanje sankcij. Dobava manjše količine od dogovorjene v prodajni pogodbi je v OZ uvrščena med primere delne izpolnitve. Ker je prodajalec izpolnil del svojih obveznosti, se sankcije načeloma uveljavljajo zgolj zoper količino, ki ni bila dobavljena. Kupec lahko odstopi od celotne pogodbe le izjemoma. Zaradi določitve pogojev za uveljavljanje sankcij zoper manjkajočo količino je pomembno, ali se manjkajoči del sankcionira po pravilih o neizpolnitvi, ali po pravilih o stvarnih napakah. Mnenja glede tega so deljena, prevladuje pa stališče, da se nedobavljena količina obravnava po pravilih za neizpolnitev, kar je za kupca ugodneje. DK se od OZ razlikuje po tem, da izhaja iz enotnega pojma kršitve pogodbe. Nekatere sankcije, na primer odstop od pogodbe, so v DK vezane na pojem bistvene kršitve, ki ga OZ ne pozna. Ker pa se manjkajoča količina po DK obravnava kot nedobava, lahko kupec odstopi od dela pogodbe po preteku dodatnega roka, ki ga je za izpolnitev obveznosti dal prodajalcu. S tem se lahko izogne strogemu pogoju bistvenosti kršitve. Bistvena kršitev se sicer kot podlaga za odstop od pogodbe po DK izjemoma ne zahteva samo, kadar prodajalec blaga sploh ni dobavil in tega ne stori niti v dodatnem roku. Zgolj s postavitvijo dodatnega roka po dobavi manjše količine pa kupec nikoli ne more odstopiti od celotne pogodbe. Po dobavi večje količine od dogovorjene v pogodbi, ima kupec pravico zavrniti ali sprejeti presežek. OZ za gospodarske prodajne pogodbe določa domnevo, da kupec blago sprejema, v kolikor ne izjavi v primernem roku, da ga odklanja. Tudi DK daje kupcu po dobavi prevelike količine blaga možnost sprejetja ali zavrnitve presežka. Sprejem presežka pa se bo domneval, v kolikor kupec opusti dolžnost notifikacije v rokih določenih v DK. Presežek mora plačati po pogodbeni ceni. Kadar pa presežek zavrne in mu ob tem nastanejo stroški, jih mora prodajalec povrniti. OZ differentiates between non-performance and different types of incorrect performances of contractual obligations. When the buyer delivers insufficient quantity, the legal remedies under OZ will in principle apply in respect of the quantity that was not delivered. The buyer is entitled to declare the contract avoided in its entirety only under certain conditions. For determining the conditions that the buyer has to comply with before he can apply legal remedies under OZ, it is important whether non-delivered part is treated as a non-performance or an incorrect performance. The balance of opinion suggests that it should be treated as a non-performance, which is also in buyer's interest. Contrary to OZ, the concept of breach of contract in the CISG is uniform. Some legal remedies can only be applied under the CISG when the breach is fundamental. In the case of delivery of insufficient quantity, the buyer can avoid the contract in part, under different ground of avoidance that is reserved only for the cases of non-delivery. He can avoid the contract in part if the seller does not deliver the goods within the additional period of time. Nevertheless, with fixing additional period of time, he can never avoid the contract in its entirety. If he wants to do so the failure by the seller to make delivery completely, has to amount to a fundamental breach. That means that the partial breach as such essentially deprived the buyer of what he was entitled to expect from the entire contract. In the case of delivery of excess quantity, the buyer can refuse it or accept it. Under OZ it is assumed that the buyer accepted the excess delivery, when he had failed to notify the seller (in the reasonable period of time) that he wants to refuse it. Under the CISG the buyer can either refuse or accept the excess quantity as well. He will also be regarded as having accepted it by not giving timely notice. When he chooses to accept delivery, he must pay for it at the contract rate. When the buyer refuses delivery of the excess quantity, he is entitled to reimbursement of the costs caused. kršitev pogodbe količinske napake dobava manjše količine dobava večje količine bistvena kršitev prodajna pogodba breach of contract quantity errors delivery of insufficient quantity delivery of excess quantity fundamental breach contract of sale true true false [T. Unverdorben] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2016-09-26 01:01:20 2016-12-02 16:37:10 2022-07-05 03:06:45 2019-07-11 13:55:59 2016 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 347.75/.76(043.2) 5335339 URN:SI:UM:DK:NX8CVERJ UN_Unverdorben_Tjasa_2016.pdf UN_Unverdorben_Tjasa_2016.pdf 1 9D6B7D6661E998A78157085C8BF9BC9D 1f7c47c7ef8a0d02e65ffdf8d2161b442b74e03b452062a37c6f382d44cdd8c7 a9755bf1-7c0d-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=106480 Pravna fakulteta 0 0 0