20.500.12556/DKUM-64762 OPTIMIRANJE KRMNIH OBROKOV ZA KRAVE MOLZNICE S POMOČJO LINEARNEGA PROGRAMIRANJA OPTIMIZATION OF FEED RATIONS FOR DAIRY COWS BY USING LINEAR PROGRAMMING V magistrskem delu je bil razvit linearni model za optimiranje krmnih obrokov za krave molznice. Na kmetiji se že uporablja racionalno dobro uravnotežen krmni obrok, razdeljen na zimski in letni krmni obrok. Strošek zimskega obroka za mlečnost 30 kg znaša 3,67 €, strošek letnega krmnega obroka pa 3,47 €. Cilj raziskave je bil ugotoviti ali, lahko razviti model še pripomore k znižanju stroškov pri krmnem obroku pod enakimi normativi. Za vsak krmni obrok smo preizkusili tri različne scenarije, da bi se približali želenim normativom. V prvih scenarijih smo »Reševalniku« prepustili prosto izbiro količine krme. Ob enakih normativih je bil strošek zimskega krmnega obroka ocenjen z 3,02 € oziroma letni krmni obrok z 2,36 €. Ponujena rešitev je bila zavrnjena, saj razviti model v krmni obrok ni vključil mrve (zaradi visoke lastne cene). Tako smo nadalje količino mrve v modelu točno definirali in s tem zadovoljili potrebe po surovih vlakninah. Reševalnik nam je ponudil ugodno rešitev, in sicer 3,30 € za zimski krmni obrok oziroma 2,91 € za letni krmni obrok. Predpostavimo še, da je za zadostitev normativov uporabil spodnje mejne vrednosti za neto energijo in presnovljive beljakovine. Za dobro mlečnost, dobro kakovost mleka in zdrave živali moramo skrbno preverjati krmni obrok na podlagi mesečnih analiz mleka. The diploma thesis has developed a linear model for optimizing feed rations for dairy cows. Rationally well-balanced feed ration, divided into winter and summer feeding feed ration has already been used on a farm. The cost of a winter feed ration for 30 kg of milk yield is around €3.67, the annual cost of poultry feed ration, however, is €3.47. The aim of the study was to determine whether the developed model can contribute to reducing the feed ration cost when using the same norms. For every diet type three different scenarios were tested in order to get closer to the desired norms. In the first scenarios, the volume of the feed was automatically programmed and distributed. At the same norms, the cost of winter feed ration is estimated to €3.02, annual feed ration, however, to €2.36. The proposed solution was rejected because the feed ration of hay was not included into the calculation model (due to the high cost price). Thus, the quantity of hay in the model had to be exactly defined in order to meet the needs of the crude fibre. The automated programme offered a favourable solution, namely €3.30 for the winter feed ration, or €2.91 for the annual feed ration. In order to meet the norms, the lower limits for net energy and protein metabolism have been used by the automated programme. To achieve good milk yield, good milk quality and healthy animals, the feed ration should be carefully checked by monthly milk analyses optimiranje ekonomika krmni obroki molznice optimization economics feed rations dairy cows true true false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2016-12-06 08:16:43 2016-12-16 12:12:06 2022-07-06 03:06:26 2019-07-11 14:54:56 2016 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 URN:SI:UM:DK:ZOOOL7UT MAG_Tacer_Rudi_2016.pdf MAG_Tacer_Rudi_2016.pdf 1 67EE7DE58E66CB895A5BA0DFA2307D9D 9eb615f0d4c915076e1f76f2f59d31eace80ada9288090a9e0ed1a8b3ce4d0a8 e20274cc-7c0d-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=108587 Fakulteta za kmetijstvo in biosistemske vede 0 0 0