20.500.12556/DKUM-68026 Psihološki vplivi na sodniške odločitve v kazenskem postopku Psychological effects of judicial decisions in criminal proceedings Odločitve sodnikov v kazenskem postopku lahko pomembno vplivajo na življenje posameznika. Zakon sodniku postavi določene meje, vendar mu hkrati hote ali nehote prepusti tudi določeno svobodo pri izbiri med možnimi odločitvami. Kljub zakonski ureditvi sodnega odločanja in visoki strokovni usposobljenosti sodnikov pa prihaja do nekonsistentnih in nepravičnih sodnih odločitev. Odločanje je namreč človeški proces, v katerem pridejo do izraza vse človeške mentalne, duhovne in socialne lastnosti. Poleg situacijskih in vrednostnih okvirjev odločanja h kontekstu odločanja sodijo tudi psihološki in socialni dejavniki odločanja, npr. utrujenost, čustvena vznemirjenost, pričakovanja in želje izkušnje in znanje, spol, starost, etična in slojna pripadnost. Visoka kompleksnost odločanja pomeni, da so napake v presojah odločanja skoraj neizogibne. Pravzaprav se lahko čudimo, kako to, da kljub takšni kompleksnosti kontekstov odločanja, sodniki praviloma ne delajo velikih napak oz. dosegajo svoje cilje. Sodniki so tako kot ostali ljudje podvrženi različnim kognitivnim in socialnim dejavnikom, katerih delovanje je po večini nezavedno. Odločajo kot celostna bitja, z »dušo in telesom«, s čustvi in razumom, kot člani družbenih celot in ne le kot posamezniki, in prav tako ne kot neka vrsta avtomati ali računalniki. Vpliva teh dejavnikov se ne da izkoreniniti, lahko pa zmanjšamo njihov učinek na sodne odločitve z opozarjanjem na njihov obstoj in z izobraževanjem sodnikov o njihovem delovanju. The decisions of judges in criminal proceedings can have a significant impact on the individual's life. The law sets a judge to certain limits, but at the same time leaves him with a certain degree of freedom in choosing between possible choices. Despite the legal order of judicial decision-making and the high professional qualifications of judges, there are inconsistent and unfair judgments. Decision making is a human process in which all human mental, spiritual and social characteristics are expressed. In addition to the situation and value decision frameworks, the decision-making context also includes psychological and social factors of decision-making, for example, tiredness, emotional agitation, expectations and desires experience and knowledge, gender, age, ethical and layered affiliation. The high complexity of decision-making means that errors in decision-making are almost unavoidable. In fact, we can wonder how, in spite of the complexity of the contexts of decision-making, judges generally do not make major mistakes, achieve their goals. Judges, like other people, are subject to various cognitive and social factors, whose actions are largely unconscious. They act as integral beings, with "soul and body," with emotions and reason, as members of the social whole, and not only as individuals, and also not as some kind of machines or computers. The impact of these factors can not be eradicated, but they can reduce their impact on judicial decisions by drawing attention to their existence and by educating judges about their actions. sodnik kazenski postopek odločanje psihološki vpliv socialna psihologija čustva predsodki zakonodaja judge criminal procedure decision-making psychological impact social psychology emotions prejudices legislation true true false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2017-09-06 13:39:00 2017-09-21 12:01:59 2025-05-21 13:19:50 2019-07-11 16:39:14 2017 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 5451563 URN:SI:UM:DK:WZAKJLG0 MAG_Zarkovic_Maja_2017.pdf MAG_Zarkovic_Maja_2017.pdf 1 F17D0B4724D74F4CCBA423FC30BF543D db3236e347b52fad8d321ae0d718f7ab7d561bf6bf0d33ac2ebb1ab798c2b81f 50622020-7c0f-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca 20.500.12556/dkum/c314b7a1-fa90-48de-9520-bf0aca5f269c https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=118544 Pravna fakulteta 0 0 0