20.500.12556/DKUM-69802 Clostridium difficile na solatah in kokošjih jajcih Clostridium difficile on salads and chicken eggs Clostridium difficile je striktno anaerobna, sporogena bakterija, ki je v zadnjem desetletju postala pomemben povzročitelj črevesnih okužb v zdravstvu. Okužbe s C. difficile so vezane predvsem na bolnišnično okolje, vendar je v zadnjem času zaznati tudi porast izvenbolnišničnih okužb. Z bakterijo je pogosto kolonizirana perutnina, predvsem kokoši na večjih farmah. Preko blata kokoši se bakterija lahko izloča v okolje, kar lahko vodi npr. do kontaminacije jajc in posredno tudi zelenjave. V magistrskem delu smo proučevali prisotnost in genotipe bakterije C. difficile na solatah in jajcih, vzorčenih v lokalnem okolju. Bakterijo C. difficile smo osamili na selektivnem gojišču, jo identificirali s komercialnim sistemom MALDI Biotyper (Bruker Daltonics) ter molekularno z dokazovanjem za C. difficile specifičnega gena. Za karakterizacijo C. difficile smo uporabili dve genotipizacijski metodi: PCR-ribotipizacijo in toksinotipizacijo. Analizirali smo 35 vzorcev solat in 35 vzorcev jajc. Osamiti nam je uspelo 2 seva C. difficile iz 1 vzorca regrata, medtem ko so bila vsa testirana jajca negativna. Seva smo uvrstili v dva različna PCR-ribotipa, in sicer PCR-ribotip SLO 204 in SLO 217. Oba seva sta bila netoksigena. Oba PCR-ribotipa sta že bila najdena v Sloveniji, in sicer v prsti, PCR-ribotip SLO 204 pa smo našli tudi pri ljudeh. Delež pozitivnih vzorcev iz naše študije je skladen z rezultati testiranj živil iz drugih evropskih študij (do 7,5 % v zelenjavi) in kaže na to, da bakterijo v Sloveniji lahko najdemo v solatah, vendar zgolj v nizkem deležu. Clostridium difficile is an anaerobic, spore-forming bacterium that has become an important human pathogen in the last ten years. C. difficile is common among hospitalized patients, but studies have shown that it can also be foud in non-hospital environments. C. difficile commonly colonise poultry, mostly chickens in large farms. Through feces, it is excreted into the environment and it can lead to vegetable and egg contamination. In our study, we determined the prevalence and types of C. difficile on eggs and salads sampled in the local area. C. difficile was isolated on selective media and identified with the comercial system MALDI Biotyper, and via identification of the specific gene on a molecular level. Isolates were then characterized with toxinotyping and PCR-ribotyping. A total of 35 salad samples and 35 egg samples were analysed. We obtained 2 isolates from 1 dandelion sample. Isolates were distributed into 2 different PCR-ribotypes, SLO 204 and SLO 217 that were non-toxinogenic. Both isolates have been previously found in soil samples in Slovenia, PCR-ribotype SLO 204 has also been detected in humans. Prevalance of C. difficile in food, demostrated in our study, correlates with other European studies (up to 7.5% in vegetables), and shows that food in Slovenia can be contaminated with C. difficile, but only in a small percentage. C. difficile jajca zelenjava molekularna tipizacija osamitev PCR-ribotipizacija. Clostridium difficile eggs vegetables molecular typing isolation PCR-ribotyping true true false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2018-02-27 19:42:15 2018-05-25 13:42:06 2022-08-01 18:10:58 2019-07-11 17:44:43 2018 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 URN:SI:UM:DK:AUUQURJA MAG_Mesaric_Simon_2018.pdf MAG_Mesaric_Simon_2018.pdf 1 7B097080B4B83E1F533400E94B84744D 8a6c9ffca019fa96e184688680c95752f1533bed899e20e519e3d5dc15b8dae9 e2a6591d-7c0f-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca 20.500.12556/dkum/040918d7-ed02-4ee0-9909-76055a5bdec4 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=123861 Fakulteta za kmetijstvo in biosistemske vede 0 0 0