20.500.12556/DKUM-71114 Teoretične in praktične vsebine pri izobraževanju poklicnih tolmačev – pomen simultanih tolmaških vaj Theory and practice in training courses for professional interpreters – the significance of simultaneous interpreting exercises Teoretične in praktične prevodoslovne vsebine se v magistrskih študijskih programih tolmačenja dopolnjujejo in predstavljajo pomemben dejavnik pri izobraževanju poklicnih tolmačev. V magistrski nalogi smo raziskovali teoretične in praktične vsebine v študijskem programu tolmačenja na drugi stopnji Filozofske fakultete v Mariboru. Zanimalo nas je, ali je študij primerljiv z mednarodno uveljavljenimi študijskimi programi v Avstriji, Nemčiji in Švici, kjer imata prevodoslovje in tolmačeslovje dolgoletno tradicijo. Teoretično smo ugotovitve podprli s Pöchhackerjevo teorijo simultanega tolmačenja (2000, 2016), s pristopom Kaline (1998, 2000, 2002) do teoretičnih in praktičnih vsebin ter njenim modelom tolmačenja, ki je osredinjen na tolmaško komunikacijo s poudarkom na tehnikah tolmačenja, in s Kutzovim (2002) pristopom k simultanim tolmaškim vajam. Med študenti tolmačenja smo na Oddelku za prevodoslovje Filozofske fakultete v Mariboru izvedli anketo, s katero smo želeli raziskati, kakšno je njihovo mnenje o predmetniku in kompetencah, ki jih pridobijo v času študija. Analiza stanja kaže, da je delež praktičnih vsebin na vseh analiziranih univerzah večji kot delež teoretičnih, in da so študijski programi v nekaterih vidikih primerljivi. Na mednarodno priznanih univerzah, ki ponujajo tolmaški in prevodoslovni študij in ki smo jih izbrali za primerjavo in analizo, je razen v Zürichu za študij tolmačenja predvideno 2-letno izobraževanje, v okviru katerega študent pridobi 120 kreditnih točk ali ECTS. Ugotovili smo, da je študijski program z vidika praktičnih vsebin na Univerzi v Mariboru najbolj primerljiv z univerzama v Gradcu in Innsbrucku. Pomemben del študijskega programa predstavljajo tolmaške vaje, s katerimi študenti pridobijo ustrezne tolmaške kompetence in spoznajo tehnike ter strategije tolmačenja, ki jih potrebujejo za opravljanje tolmaškega poklica. Kljub teoretičnim in praktičnim vsebinam je 64 odstotkov študentov mnenja, da na podlagi znanja, ki ga pridobijo v času študija, niso pripravljeni na konkurenčen in zahteven globalni trg dela. To je pokazatelj kritičnega odnosa do obstoječega študijskega programa in kaže na to, da je program treba posodobiti z aktualnimi vsebinami, kot so spletna prevajalska orodja, računalniško podprto prevajanje in luščenje terminologije. Med študenti prvih in drugih letnikov magistrskega študijskega programa Prevajanje in tolmačenje smo opravili raziskavo simultanega tolmačenja. Domnevali smo, da so tolmaške vaje ključnega pomena za pridobivanje ustreznih tolmaških kompetenc. Analiza raziskave je pokazala, da se pri študentih drugega letnika magistrske stopnje izpust posameznih besed pri tolmačenju zmanjša za 52 odstotkov, izpust večjih segmentov, torej izpust dveh ali več povedi hkrati, za 94,5 odstotka. Prav tako se delež pomensko neustrezno tolmačenih besed pri študentih drugega letnika zniža za 51 odstotkov. Pomensko neustrezno tolmačenje povedi se v roku enega leta zmanjša za kar 72 odstotkov, zato lahko trdimo, da so tolmaške vaje pomemben del tolmaškega študijskega procesa, s katerimi študenti pridobijo ustrezne večjezične komunikacijske kompetence ne glede na dejstvo, da akademski nivo izobraževanja zahteva teoretično in znanstveno utemeljitev praktičnih tolmaških aktivnosti. Theoretical and practical translation courses in master’s level interpreting study programmes complement one another and represent an important factor in the education of professional interpreters. The master’s thesis is focused on a research of theoretical and practical courses that constitute the master's level interpreting study programme at the Faculty of Arts in Maribor. Our main point of interest was to find out whether the programme is comparable with some of the internationally acclaimed study programmes in Austria, Germany and Switzerland where translation and interpreting studies have a long-standing tradition. Our conclusions are supported by Pöchhacker’s theory of simultaneous interpreting (2000, 2016), Kalina’approach (1998, 2000, 2002) to theoretical and practical courses and by her model which is focused on interpreting communication and puts emphasis on interpreting strategies, and Kutz’s (2002) approach to simultaneous interpreting exercises. A survey was carried out at the Department of Translation Studies of the Faculty of Arts in Maribor – its aim was to find out the students’ opinions about the courses and competencies acquired while studying. The analysis has shown that all of the analysed universities offer a higher percentage of practical courses in comparison to theoretical courses and that, in some aspects, the study programmes are comparable to one another. Excluding the University of Zürich, all internationally acclaimed universities that were chosen for comparison and analysis dedicate a 2-year-long education during which the student obtains 120 ECTS. It has been concluded that – from the perspective of practical courses – the study programme at the University of Maribor is most comparable to the universities in Graz and Innsbruck. Interpreting exercises with which students acquire appropriate competencies and learn interpreting techniques and strategies needed in the interpreting profession represent an important part of the study programme. Despite theoretical and practical subjects, 64% of students think they are not ready for the competitive and demanding global labour market based on the knowledge they acquire while studying. This is an indicator of a critical attitude towards the existing study programme and shows the need for an update to the programme with new courses such as online translation tools, computer-assisted translation and term extraction. A research of simultaneous interpreting exercises was carried out among first-year and second-year students enrolled in the programme Translation and Interpreting. It was assumed that interpreting exercises are of key importance for acquiring appropriate interpreting competencies. The analysis has shown that omission was reduced by 52% among second-year master's level students, while omission of longer segments – meaning omission of two or more sentences at a time – was reduced by 94.5%. Among second-year students, the occurrence of incorrectly interpreted words was also lower by 51%. During a one-year period, the occurrence of sentences that were interpreted with an incorrect meaning decreased by as much as 72%, thus confirming that interpreting exercises providing students with appropriate communicational competencies are an important part of the interpreting study process, regardless of the fact that the academic level of education demands a theoretical and practical justification of practical interpreting activities. izobraževanje tolmačev tolmaške vaje simultano tolmačenje teoretične in praktične vsebine študijski program Tolmačenje education of interpreters interpreting exercises simultaneous interpreting theoretical and practical courses interpreting study programme true true false [K. Leopold] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2018-07-14 16:21:11 2018-09-21 13:44:10 2022-08-01 20:23:23 2019-07-11 18:30:51 2018 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 37.016:81'25(043.2) 24016648 URN:SI:UM:DK:VYOSMLI2 MAG_Leopold_Katja_2018.pdf MAG_Leopold_Katja_2018.pdf 1 09407F30855AE8531839E4476C0A9C64 757a5089efd94c29cc6676b038b0de77a87e77da1bf4a96fbb82396c4bf6e06a 1b54cf8e-7c10-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca 20.500.12556/dkum/f7622667-d2b0-4678-b7cc-13f0534448a9 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=126530 Filozofska fakulteta 0 0 0