20.500.12556/DKUM-73943 Napake v statistiki Errors in Statistics Statistika velja za eksaktno vejo znotraj matematike, ki uporablja preverjene in zanesljive metode. Kljub temu dogaja, da znotraj nje prihaja do napak, prirejanj in zlorab, ki so bodisi naključne bodisi namerne narave. Napake v statistiki niso posledica samih matematičnih/statističnih metod; te so zanesljive in preverjene, ampak posameznikov, ki delajo napake iz površnosti, pomanjkljivega znanja ali pa manipulirajo vedo samo, zaradi finančnih, gospodarstvenih, političnih in osebnih razlogov z namenom koristi. Magistrsko delo se deli na dva dela, in sicer smo v prvem delu utemeljili osnovne statistične pojme, ki so nam koristili v nadaljevanju. Pregledali smo položaj statistike v družbi, jo preučili z vidika posameznika in se osredotočili na mnenja, ki ga gojijo posamezniki o vedi. Na podlagi primerov iz resničnega življenja smo razložili, zakaj prihaja do negativnega mnenja o vedi sami in se osredotočili na napake in zlorabe vede, jih utemeljili in v drugem delu tudi matematično podkrepili ter podali rešitve/napotke za kvalitetnejšo statistično raziskovanje. Statistics is a precise branch within mathematics, using established and reliable methods. However, despite all efforts, errors or misconceptions; both accidental and intentional can happen. Errors in statistics are not a result of faulty mathematical or statistical methods – these are reliable and verified; errors are instead a consequence of mistakes made by individuals, as a result of, for example, superficiality, lack of knowledge and manipulation due to economic, personal or political reasons. The master's thesis is divided into two parts: in the first part, we establish the basic statistical concepts that are used in the field of statistics. Furthermore, we examine the position of statistics in society, focusing on the aspects of both individual and social perspectives. Based on real life examples, we explain the origin of generally negative perceptions of statistics. We focus on mistakes/manipulation and abuse of science as well. In the second part, we provide the mathematical background of misused methods and suggest possible solutions for achieving better quality of statistical practice. statistika napake v statistiki statistika v družbi statistične metode statistics errors in statistics statistics in society statistical methods true true false [J. Herzog] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2019-07-04 18:00:01 2019-10-24 12:09:22 2022-08-03 03:06:23 2019-12-10 07:56:55 2019 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 519.2(043.2) 24834568 URN:SI:UM:DK:OCMADBKV MAG_Herzog_Jana_2019.pdf MAG_Herzog_Jana_2019.pdf 1 416D6E75A9A7409DC8DF038355FF24F8 fa573a1e5367d17427ebd62156b6f31eeae1db346cc27e00056f27a7952f5ee8 e3092486-7c10-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=136983 Fakulteta za naravoslovje in matematiko 0 0 0