20.500.12556/DKUM-74594 Integracija pujskov v novo sesno okolje pri navzkrižnem izenačevanju gnezd - vpliv starosti in telesne mase Integration of cross-fostered piglets into new suckling environments - impact of age and body weight Navzkrižno premeščanje pujskov med gnezdi je ustaljena rejska praksa, pri kateri premestimo pujske od biološke k nadomestni materi. Integracija pujskov v novo sesno okolje je ključnega pomena, vendar pa nanjo vpliva veliko dejavnikov, zaradi česar ta ukrep predstavlja velik izziv za rejce. Cilj raziskave je bil ugotoviti, kakšen je vpliv relativnih razlik (asimetrije) v starosti in telesni masi pujskov ter velikosti gnezd, vključenih v navzkrižno premeščanje. V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 20 gnezd različne velikosti (Me = 10,5); od skupno 209 pujskov jih je bilo 80 eksperimentalno premeščenih v druga gnezda. V vsako ponovitev sta bili vključeni dve gnezdi, med katerima smo navzkrižno prestavili 4 pujske, 2 najtežja in 2 najlažja iz vsakega gnezda. Opazovali smo sesno obnašanje dveh zaporednih sesanj po premestitvi, ki smo ga kategorizirali kot sesanje, poskus sesanja ali neaktivnost v procesu sesanja. V raziskavi smo ugotovili, da telesna masa ni imela vpliva na vključitev pujskov v novo sesno okolje. Ugotovili smo, da so se pujski, premeščeni v mlajše gnezdo, uspešneje vključili v novo sesno okolje (p<0.01), prav tako pujski, prestavljeni v enako ali nekoliko večje gnezdo od izvornega. V nasprotju s predvidevanji pa so pujski, prestavljeni v manjše nadomestno gnezdo, kazali značilno manj interesa za vključitev v proces sesanja (p<0,05). Na osnovi rezultatov lahko sklepamo, da se z razvojem sesnega reda zmanjšuje tudi možnost uspešne integracije premeščenih pujskov – robustnejši je sesni red, kot na primer v starejših in manjših gnezdih, težja je integracija premeščenih pujskov. V skladu z rezultati in v kontekstu dobrega počutja živali bi bilo potrebno ponovno razmisliti o ustreznosti obstoječih in splošno razširjenih metod navzkrižnega premeščanja pujskov med gnezdi. Cross-fostering (C-F) is a standard procedure in the rearing of piglets which involves the relocation of piglets from biological to the foster mother/litter. Piglet’s integration into the new suckling environment is of crucial importance and depends on many factors that make C-F implementation a significant challenge for pig-breeders. The study aimed to determine the impact of age, body weight, and litter size asymmetry between C-F piglets/litters on the fostered piglets suckling activity immediately after C-F. Here, we experimentally cross-fostered piglets of different age and body weight between 20 litters of different sizes. A total of 209 piglets from 20 litters with a median (Me) litter size 10.5 were included in the study– among them, 80 piglets were subjected to experimental cross-fostering. In each litter two heaviest and two lightest piglets were determined for C-F. Four piglets from each litter were then exchanged between assigned C-F litters. After C-F implemented, we directly observed and recorded the behaviour of fostered piglets in first two suckling events by the foster mother, categorized as: suckling, unsuccessful attempt and non-active. It appeared that body weight did not have any impact on the integration of piglets into the new suckling environment. Besides, we found that piglets which were older than their foster peers more likely succeed to suckled successfully in the first two post-C-F suckling events (p <0.01). Furthermore, and contrary to our prediction, the latter was the case also when piglets were transferred into the litter of the same or slightly larger size than their original litter, with an evident passiveness of piglets transferred into the smaller litter (p <0.05). It can be suggested that the level of suckling order development (suckling stability/teat fidelity) dictates piglet integration into the new suckling environment. Accordingly, we found postponed or even prevented integration when piglets were transferred into the small or older litter, wherein the suckling order is supposed to be more robust. It appears, therefore, that some of the widely used C-F methodologies (e.g., litter equalization) might compromise piglets’ welfare, therefore we suggest reconsidering the use of existing C-F methods. pujski velikost gnezda telesna masa starost navzkrižno izenačevanje piglets litter size body weight age cross-fostering true true false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2019-09-01 08:09:30 2019-09-12 11:48:46 2022-08-09 09:17:34 2019-09-13 03:13:57 2019 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 URN:SI:UM:DK:BYF8F5RO VS_Pajzlar_Lara_2019.pdf VS_Pajzlar_Lara_2019.pdf 1 DED177A23D8BF6770F59DF06F5C41A87 f5c132fe3272ce9ef37d19b38f49066c52e01d0b1a349f5b8d766a07c35283e6 e0088898-7c10-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca 20.500.12556/dkum/793dbee7-7570-49a8-8b15-873261f85eaa https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=136809 Fakulteta za kmetijstvo in biosistemske vede 0 0 0