20.500.12556/DKUM-75792 Vsebnost ohratoksina A v živilih in krmi med letoma 2010 in 2016 v Sloveniji The Content of Ochratoxin A in Food and Feed between the years 2010 and 2016 in Slovenia Mikotoksini so sekundarni metaboliti nekaterih specifičnih sevov plesni, ki pogosto onesnažijo pridelke na polju ali tekom skladiščenja. Znano je, da izpostavljenost visokim koncentracijam mikotoksinov lahko povzroči negativne učinke na zdravje ljudi in živali, zato se okužbe živil in krme z mikotoksini stalno preverjajo. V kmetijstvu so problematični aflatoksini, ohratoksini, trihoteceni, zearalenoni, fumonizini, tremorgeni mikotoksini in ergot alkaloidi. V naši raziskavi smo pregledali in vrednotili rezultate analiz uradnega nadzora živil in krme glede vsebnosti ohratoksina A (OTA). Za krmo in krmne rastline smo pridobili podatke za obdobje šestih let, od leta 2010 do leta 2015, analiziranih je bilo skupno 237 vzorcev. Za živila smo analizirali podatke za obdobje petih let, in sicer od leta 2012 do leta 2016, skupno je bilo analiziranih 742 vzorcev. Rezultati so pokazali, da sta bila z OTA onesnažena 2 vzorca krme (0,8 %), neskladnih vzorcev ni bilo. Višji odstotek onesnaženosti je bil ugotovljen v odvzetih vzorcih živil, kjer je bilo onesnaženih 62 vzorcev (8,4 %). Izmed onesnaženih vzorcev živil je 5 vzorcev (0,7 %) preseglo mejne vrednosti za OTA, določene z evropsko zakonodajo, 57 vzorcev (7,7 %) pa je vsebovalo OTA v koncentracijah nižjih od določenih mejnih vrednosti. Glede na način pridelave živil smo ugotovili, da je bil odstotek onesnaženih in neskladnih živil iz konvencionalne pridelave višji v primerjavi z ekološko pridelavo. Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by several specific fungal strains that commonly contaminate agricultural commodities during preharvest or postharvest stages. It is generally assumed that exposure to high concentrations of mycotoxins might result in several human and animal health disorders, which makes the regular control of mycotoxin presence in food and feeds necessary. Aflatoxins, ochratoxins, trichothecenes, zearelenone, fumonisins, tremorgenic toxins and ergot alkaloids present the greatest problems in agriculture. In this study we analysed the content of ochratoxin A in food and feed based on data obtained from the Slovenian official monitoring control of food and feed. 237 samples of feed and feed raw material were analysed within a six-year period between the years 2010 and 2015. 742 samples of food were analysed in the five-year period between the years 2012 and 2016. Two (0,8%) samples of feed and raw material contained OTA in concentrations below the European Commission guidance level. Higher contamination levels were found in food samples as there were 62 (8,4%) contaminated samples. From the contaminated food samples, 5 samples (0,7%) exceeded the European Commission guidance level, 57 samples (7,7%) contained OTA concentrations below the Europen Commission guidance level. Considering the method of production, the results indicated that food samples from conventional cultivation have the highest proportion of contaminated samples and samples with excessive concentration of OTA. mikotoksini živila krma ohratoksin A slovenski uradni nadzor živil in krme mycotoxins food feed ochratoxin A Slovenian official control of food and feed true true false Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2020-02-04 19:51:28 2020-02-25 14:09:07 2022-08-09 11:46:18 2020-02-26 03:11:16 2020 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 URN:SI:UM:DK:CZKU81FA MAG_Valant_Natalija_2020.pdf MAG_Valant_Natalija_2020.pdf 1 8CAD47B71B375A31D97AC0B72E705657 34aca5483aed998956a6295e3cfd707182e5f2b4fabff60d3e586aaebc713f04 37c59cda-7c11-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca 20.500.12556/dkum/c06644b8-bc5e-41c1-8c46-972d3ebd9db0 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=140576 Fakulteta za kmetijstvo in biosistemske vede 0 0 0