20.500.12556/DKUM-76117 Samozaznava legitimnosti policistk in policistov v Sloveniji Self-Legitimacy of Female and Male Police Officers Namen prispevka: V prispevku predstavljamo rezultate kvantitativne študije o samozaznavi legitimnosti in z njo povezanih spremenljivk (demografske spremenljivke, zaznavanje mnenja občanov o legitimnosti policistov, odnosi med sodelavci, pravičnost v postopkih nadrejenih in proorganizacijsko vedenje) pri slovenskih policistih, ki smo jo opravili v letu 2013, s poudarkom na primerjavi med policistkami in policisti. Metode: Junija 2013 smo opravili anketiranje na 24 policijskih postajah (majhne, srednje in velike) na vseh osmih policijskih upravah v Republiki Sloveniji. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 417 policistov in 104 policistke. Podatke smo obdelali s kvantitativnimi statističnimi metodami (opisna statistika, t-test, korelacije in regresijska analiza). Ugotovitve: Glede spremenljivk – faktorjev samozaznana legitimnost, zaznavanje mnenja občanov o legitimnosti policistov, odnosi med sodelavci, pravičnost v postopkih nadrejenih in proorganizacijsko vedenje nismo ugotovili statistično pomembnih razlik med policisti in policistkami. Primerjave so pokazale, da policisti bolj pozitivno ocenjujejo svojo avtoriteto za opravljanje policijskega dela od policistk. Policisti izražajo višjo stopnjo strinjanja s trditvijo glede pomembnosti vloge policistov pri preprečevanju kriminalitete od policistk. Ocena zaupanja pri sodelavcih je višja pri policistih kot pri policistkah. Policisti bolj pozitivno ocenjujejo mnenje občanov o pravičnosti odločitev v policijskih postopkih od policistk, vendar policisti tudi bolj pritrdilno ocenjujejo domnevno mnenje občanov o skorumpiranosti policije od policistk. Policisti izražajo višjo stopnjo pripadnosti policiji od policistk in v varnem okolju so bolj pripravljeni povedati drugim, da delajo v policiji od policistk. Policistke bolj pozitivno ocenjujejo obrazložitve nadrejenih glede dela od policistov. Policistke tudi menijo, da je uporaba več sile, kot to določa zakon, sprejemljivejša, in poročajo, da so njihove delovne obremenitve večje od policistov. Povezave spremenljivk s samozaznano legitimnostjo kažejo na različne povezave pri policistkah in policistih. Omejitve/uporabnost raziskave Analize kažejo, da je koeficient ustreznosti Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) vzorčenja ustrezen. Vzorec zajetih policistov (80 %) in policistk (20 %) približno odraža razmerje med policisti in policistkami v Sloveniji. Ugotovitve študije kažejo na nekatere pomembne razlike v pojmovanju samozaznane legitimnosti. Raziskava je uporabna za nadaljevanje raziskovanja legitimnosti s poudarkom na uporabi kvalitativnih raziskovalnih metod. Praktična uporabnost: Ugotovitve raziskave so izhodišč e za razpravo o policijskem delu v Sloveniji in dojemanja policijskega dela, policijske organizacije in odnosov z občani pri policistkah in policistih, saj so policistke bolj usmerjene v organizacijo in iščejo podporo pri sodelavcih. Za njih je tudi manj značilna refleksija o pomenu povratnih informacij od ljudi v skupnostih glede legitimnosti policijskega dela. V tem oziru nanje vpliva samo ena komponenta dualnosti legitimnosti (in sicer, kaj o njih menijo sodelavci in kako same ocenjujejo svojo sposobnost za zakonito in legitimno opravljanje policijskega dela), ni pa vpliva javnosti na njihovo oceno kompetentnosti in moralnih stališč, kot je to izraženo pri policistih. Izvirnost/pomembnost prispevka: Gre za izvirno raziskovalno delo z uporabo vprašalnika, ki je vseboval vprašanja o samozaznani legitimnosti, pojmovanju mnenja občanov o legitimnosti policistov, odnosih med sodelavci, pravičnosti v postopkih nadrejenih in proorganizacijskega vedenja. Predhodne študije so preučevale predvsem samozaznavo legitimnosti (moških ali vseh) policistov, niso pa preučevale žensk v policiji ali primerjale rezultatov med policistkami in policisti. Purpose: The article presents the results of a survey on self-legitimacy and related variables (demographic variables, perceived citizens’ opinions about police legitimacy, relations with colleagues, procedural justice and pro-organizational behaviour) of Slovenian police officers. The study was conducted in 2013. The main goal of our research was to identify differences and similarities between female and male police officers. Design: The survey was conducted in 24 police stations (small, medium, and large) in all eight police directorates in the Republic of Slovenia in June 2013. The study included 417 male and 104 female police officers. Data were analysed by way of quantitative statistical methods (descriptive statistics, t-test, correlation analysis and regression analysis). Findings: The results based on factors self-legitimacy, perception of citizens’ opinion about police legitimacy, relations between colleagues, procedural justice of superiors and pro-organisational behaviour showed that there are no significant statistical differences between female and male police officers. The comparisons have shown that male police officers rated their police authority in a more positive manner, expressed a higher level of agreement with the statement on the importance of the role of police in crime prevention, and perceived more trust and support of their peer-officers. Interestingly, male police officers estimated citizens’ opinion on fairness in police procedures more positively than female police officers, but male police officers believed that citizens perceive more corruption in the police than female police officers. Male police officers also expressed a higher level of affiliation to the police organization and are more willing to tell others that they work in the police than female police officers. Female police officers assessed the attitude of supervisors towards police officers more positively and believed that the use of excessive force is more acceptable and that their workload is greater than the workload of male police officers. Correlations of variables with self-legitimacy show various correlations for female and male police officers. Research Limitations / Implications: Analyses show that Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) sampling adequacy ratio was appropriate. The sample of male police officers (80 %) and female police officers (20 %) reflects the ratio between the male and female police officers in Slovenia. The findings indicate some important differences in the perception of self-legitimacy. The study is useful for further research on legitimacy, especially with a focus on the use of qualitative research methods. Practical Implications: The findings can be used as a starting point for a discussion on police work of male and female police officers in Slovenia, and their perceptions of police work, police organization, and their relations with citizens. This is important because female police officers were more oriented towards the police organization and support by their colleagues. For them, a reflection on the importance of the citizens’ feedback on their legitimacy is less typical. In this sense, female police officers seem to take into consideration only one component of the duality of legitimacy (what peer-officers think about their police competencies and how they assess their own ability to legally and legitimately perform police tasks). The public opinion does not affect their assessment of competencies and moral views, as it does with male police officers. Originality/Value: The article represents original research work using the survey questions on self-legitimacy, citizens’ opinion on legitimacy of police officers, relations between colleagues, procedural justice of supervisors, and pro-organizational behaviour. The previous studies primarily examined self-legitimacy of male (or all) police officers and did not focus on self-legitimacy of female police officers or on a comparison between female and male police officers. samozaznava legitimnost samozaznana legitimnost policija postopkovna pravičnost proorganizacijsko vedenje zadovoljstvo javnosti Slovenija self-perception legitimacy self-legitimacy police procedural justice pro-organizational behaviour public satisfaction Slovenia true true true Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Znanstveno delo 2020-04-16 17:57:34 2020-04-16 17:57:35 2022-08-09 12:07:40 2020-04-17 03:21:38 2015 0 0 str. 318-337 št. 3 Letn. 17 2015 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 351.74:343.2.01(497.4) 99492352 3013354 1580-0253 URN:SI:UM:DK:YXRFSQOC 02_Cuvan_Mesko_rV_2015-3.pdf 02_Cuvan_Mesko_rV_2015-3.pdf 1 AB43E5B3B4EBE3F7DA06DCF996CA75BA 597987e45edc3078783882ccb92483c2918ada62e4c0275af728d8b9fb961114 44c9afdc-7c11-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca 20.500.12556/dkum/1234e12f-3836-4ef1-8c8a-fa21de6acc8c https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=141404 https://www.fvv.um.si/rV/arhiv/2015-3/02_Cuvan_Mesko_rV_2015-3.html 1 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=141405 Fakulteta za varnostne vede Varstvoslovje 0 0 0