20.500.12556/DKUM-76276 Politični razkol v Republiki Venezueli Vzroki in razkorak med medijsko prikazanim in realnim stanjem Political crisis in the Republic of Venezuela Causes and the difference between the media-projected picture and reality Že od samega začetka bolivarske revolucije, ki je konec 20. stoletja spremenila politično situacijo v Venezueli, je prisotno protivladno gibanje, ki ne podpira socialističnih ukrepov, značilnih za novo vlado. Opozicija se je skozi leta okrepila, za Venezuelo so postali značilni nasilni protesti, očitki nedemokratičnih volitev in represivnosti vlade. Temu sta se pridružili tudi ekonomska in humanitarna kriza, ki sta državo močno oslabili. Januarja 2019 je politična kriza dosegla svoj vrh, ko se je Juan Guaido samooklical za predsednika republike Venezuele, čeprav je bil za pozicijo v letu 2018 izvoljen Nicolas Maduro. Guaidojeva poteza je izhajala iz očitkov vladi, da naj bi prirejala volitve in delovala nedemokratično, kar pomeni, da opozicija Nicolasa Madura ne priznava. Posledično je prišlo do stanja dvojne vladavine in mednarodno se je postavilo vprašanje: Ali Juana Guaidoja prepoznamo kot legitimnega in začasnega predsednika republike Venezuele? Nanj je več držav, vključno z Republiko Slovenijo, odgovorilo z »da«. Diplomsko delo se najprej sprašuje o vzrokih za nastali politični razkol, jih poskuša analizirati ter jim v nastali situaciji odmeriti težo. Zaradi večkrat zaznanih očitkov, da se stanje v Venezueli bistveno razlikuje od tistega, ki ga prikazujejo mediji, se s pomočjo že ugotovljenih dejstev iz prvega dela naloge, ter ankete, izvedene med prebivalci Venezuele, v drugem delu osredotoča na vprašanje avtentičnosti slike, prikazane s strani nekaterih osrednjih medijev. V diplomskem delu ugotavljava, da je politična kriza posledica predvsem notranjih dejavnikov, kot so korupcija, upravljanje ekonomije, humanitarna kriza in izvajanje volitev. Nadalje ugotavljava, da mediji, kot močno orodje pri ustvarjanju javnega mnenja, vplivajo na to, kako mednarodna javnost doživlja politično situacijo v Venezueli. Zavračava trditev, da prihaja do medijske propagande. From the begining of the Bolivarian Revolution that significantly changed the political situation in Venezuela in the late 20th century, there has existed an anti-government movement objecting to the socialist measures taken by the new government. The opposition grew stronger over the years, and violent protests, accusations regarding undemocratic elections, and government repression were characteristic of Venezuela. Economic and humanitarian crises also emerged and additionally weakened the country. In January 2019, the political crisis reached its turning point with Juan Guaido declaring himself an interim president of the Republic of Venezuela, even though Nicolas Maduro won the presidential elections in 2018. Guaido's reasoning for his action is the claim that the elections were rigged by the government and that they were undemocratic, which resulted in the opposition not recognizing them as legitimate. This was followed by a sort of parallel government and the international community was faced with a question: Do we recognize Juan Guaido as a legitimate interim president of the Republic of Venezuela? Many countries, including the Republic of Slovenia, answered affirmatively. The purpose of this thesis is to determine and analyse the main causes of the political crisis and understand their role in the context of the new circumstances. As there are many claims that the mainstream media are interpreting the crisis in Venezuela unfairly, the second part of the thesis explores the facts supporting these claims. It focuses on understanding the impact by the media on public opinion, on comparing media statements with the facts gathered in the first part of the thesis, and on the questionnaire in which we asked residents of the Republic of Venezuela about their experience with living in Venezuela. We conclude that the political crisis was mainly caused by internal factors, such as corruption, economy management, the humanitarian crisis, and elections. We also find that the media as a crucial tool in forming public opinion affects the way the international public views the situation in Venezuela. We reject the claims of media propaganda. diplomske naloge politika Venezuela nafta mediji korupcija politics Venezuela oil media corruption true true false [T. Zemljič, T. Zavrtanik Drglin] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2020-05-05 21:16:49 2020-06-09 09:28:22 2022-08-09 13:24:39 2020-06-12 03:14:50 2020 0 Ljubljana 2020 Ljubljana IX, 128 str. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 327:341.3(043.2) 18691075 URN:SI:UM:DK:DB0YL4TP UN_Zemljic_Zavrtanik-Drglin_Politicni_razkol_v_Republiki_Venezueli.pdf UN_Zemljic_Zavrtanik-Drglin_Politicni_razkol_v_Republiki_Venezueli.pdf 1 8DBA6321A9A3E0F9B78BF93B9B4A3919 ad7be5e712ddb73bcb459f7b90accad07cb99f74c37129219b61e2ef21cf0e41 574a0eb2-7c11-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca 20.500.12556/dkum/19f7f89a-1169-4993-b1a4-ee08392fe842 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=142622 Fakulteta za varnostne vede 0 0 0