20.500.12556/DKUM-78001 Reakcija igralcev po izgubljeni žogi in organizacija napada Players reaction after a lost ball and organization of the attack V vrhunskem nogometu je taktika ena od ključnih dejavnikov, ki vodijo do vrhunskega rezultata. Moštvo, pri katerem je prisotna zgolj improvizacija igralcev, nima veliko možnosti za pozitiven razplet na tekmi. Trend v sodobnem nogometu je dobro poznavanje svojih igralcev in igralcev tuje ekipe, saj s pomočjo teh pridobljenih podatkov pripravi trener oziroma celotni strokovni štab taktične smernice igranja med tekmo. Taktične zamisli pa se ustvarjajo glede na sposobnosti igralcev oziroma taktiko igre moraš prilagoditi glede na lastnosti svojih igralcev. Prav tako je potrebno sistem igranja oziroma postavitev igralcev na terenu prilagoditi sposobnostim svojih igralcev, zato pravimo, da najboljše taktike ni, temveč jo mora vsak trener po svoje ustvariti glede na igralce, ki jih ima na voljo. Za dobro razumevanje taktičnih smernic oziroma taktičnih nalog je potrebno pred tem dobro poznati in razumeti posamično taktiko, da bi kasneje bolje razumeli skupinsko in moštveno taktiko. O taktiki govorimo, ko ima igralec že pridobljena določena nogometna znanja. Poleg ustvarjanje svojega modela igranja pa je pomembno tudi, kako moštvo reagira na igrišču ob spremembi nasprotnikove taktike in glede na situacije na igrišču ob morebitni izgubi žoge. Moštvo reagira ob izgubi žoge glede na položaj, kjer se je žoge izgubila in pa glede na sposobnosti igralcev. Reakcija je lahko takojšen protipritisk z željo ponovno osvojiti žogo, rahlo pomikanje nazaj in obenem zgoščanje sredine igrišče oziroma, če je bila žoga izgubljena nedaleč od naših vrat, zgolj preprečitev neposrednega strela na vrata.   Ob morebitni ponovni osvojitvi žoge igralci organizirajo napad tudi glede na položaj, kjer je bila žoga osvojena. Napad lahko organizirajo na način preskoka igre, torej gre za dolgo podajo globoko na napadalno polovico igrišča, lahko poizkusijo s kontinuiranim napadom oziroma protinapadom. V primeru, da je bila žoga osvojena pred vrati nasprotnika, pa je najbolje, da igralci poskušajo, kar se da hitro streljati na vrata. Na uspeh nogometne igre vplivajo tudi faktorji, ki jih delimo na tri nivoje. Faktorji na prvem nivoju so najbolj pomembni in najbolj vplivajo na uspešnost igralca. Gre za zdravstveni status, ki je od vseh naštetih tudi najbolj pomemben, saj v primeru, da igralec ni sposoben za ukvarjanje z nogometom oziroma mu to zdravje ne dopušča, le stežka izpolnjuje ostale faktorje, ki vplivajo na uspešnost. Poleg zdravstvenega statusa pa sta na prvem nivoju še sistem vrednot in motiviranost igralcev. Na drugem nivoju je predvsem poudarek na kognitivnih dimenzijah in na socialnem okolju. Tretji nivo pa je nivo, na katerega kot trenerji lahko največ vplivamo z ustreznim treningom oziroma z ustreznim izborom vaj za določeno starostno obdobje. Faktorji določajo uspešnost igranja posameznega igralca v primeru, da igralec želi igrati na najvišjem nivoju svetovnega nogometa, mora izpolnjevati praktično vse od navedenih faktorjev. In top-class association football, tactics are one of the key factors leading to a top result. A team in which the players only improvise does not have much chance of a positive outcome in the match. The trend in modern association football is having good knowledge of own players and the players of the opposing team, because with the help of these data, the coach along the entire professional staff prepares tactical guidelines to be followed during a match. Tactical ideas are created according to the players’ skills, that is the game tactics are adjusted according to the characteristics of own players. It is also necessary to adapt the system of playing or the placement of players on the field to the skills of own players, which means that there is no best tactics; each coach must create their own tactics according to the players available. In order to have a good understanding of tactical guidelines or tactical tasks, it is necessary to know and understand individual tactics well so as to better understand group and team tactics. We talk about tactics when a player has already acquired certain football skills. In addition to creating their own model of play, it is also important how the team reacts on the field when the opponent's tactics change and according to different situations on the field when the ball is lost. The team reacts to losing the ball according to the position where the ball was lost and according to the players’ skills. The reaction can be immediate counter-pressing aimed at winning the ball back, moving back slightly while creating a packed midfield and, if the ball was lost not far from own goal, only preventing a direct shot on goal.   In the event of recapturing the ball, the players also organise an attack according to the position where the ball was won. An attack can be carried out by switching the attack, that is a long pass deep into the attacking half of the field, or even by attempting a continuous attack or counterattack. In the event that the ball has been won in front of the opponent's goal, it is best for the players to try to shoot on goal as quickly as possible. The success of a football match is also influenced by the factors divided into the following three levels. The first-level factors are the most important and have the greatest impact on a player’s performance. Most important of all the above is the medical status, because if a player is not able to play football or his health does not allow it, it is difficult for the player to meet other factors affecting his performance. In addition to the medical status, the first level comprises the system of values and motivation of players. On the second level, the emphasis is mainly on the cognitive dimensions and the social environment. The third level is the level which coaches can influence the most with appropriate training or with an appropriate selection of exercises for a specific age period. The factors determine the performance of an individual player, and in case a player wishes to play at the highest level of association football, he must meet virtually all of the above factors. Faktorji uspešnosti reakcija po izgubljeni žogi organizacija napada nogomet. Performance factors reaction after a lost ball organization of the attack football true true false [G. Pečnik] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2020-09-30 21:09:28 2021-01-11 10:19:55 2022-08-09 17:28:01 2021-01-12 03:24:44 2020 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 796.332(043.2) 45971715 URN:SI:UM:DK:TNQQGTUT VS_Pecnik_Gal_2020.pdf VS_Pecnik_Gal_2020.pdf 1 40B21824857985B9FA46F051AAF84B51 85118b5ec1464d6e076251b06836ef8186c7ea07516216b958291aa7d0568a0c f0aeed78-7c11-11eb-bb7a-00155d0001ca 20.500.12556/dkum/37d2e7a2-f224-48d0-a5b6-47d065c889b2 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=146868 Pedagoška fakulteta 0 0 0