20.500.12556/DKUM-79550 Neločljivost štirih svoboščin notranjega trga kot načelo prava EU magistrsko delo Indivisibility of the four freedoms as a principle of EU law Magistrska naloga obravnava neločljivost notranjega trga, ki je kot temeljni cilj in ključni element EU vzpostavljen na podlagi dolgoletnih prizadevanj po povezovanju nacionalnih trgov. Gre tako za ekonomski projekt s ciljem učinkovitega razvoja in rasti gospodarstva v želji doseči stanje blaginje, kot tudi za politični projekt za doseganje čim večje stopnje povezanosti držav članic v skupno entiteto z enotnim trgom. V tega inkorporirane štiri svoboščine so povezane v nerazdružljivo celoto, kar je možno prepoznati iz dveh vidikov. Najprej je potrebno zavedanje dejanske integracije štirih svoboščin, ki lahko samo skupaj zagotavljajo popolno učinkovitost notranjega trga, drug vidik neločljivosti pa predstavlja politika čim bolj enotnega pristopa k notranjemu trgu in zavračanje selektivnosti z namenom ohranitve celovitosti. Magistrska naloga izpostavlja, da je celovitost notranjega trga in (ne)ločljivost štirih svoboščin bila in je še pereča aktualna tematika. O oblikovanju in varovanju neločljivosti štirih svoboščin kot načelu prava EU se je začelo govoriti predvsem ob Brexitu. Uvrstiti bi ga bilo mogoče med sistemska načela, ki predstavljajo temelj ustavne strukture pravnega reda EU in opredeljujejo njegovo zgradbo, saj načelo neločljivosti štirih svoboščin predstavlja temelj učinkovitosti notranjega trga in posledično razvoja EU nasploh. Zgolj delna udeležba na notranjem trgu, kjer bi država članica selektivno izbirala med svoboščinami in imela možnosti ovirati prost pretok, ne sme biti dopustna, saj predstavlja grožnjo za celovitost in pravilno delovanje EU nasploh. Kljub temu pa se posamezne države članice na trgu poslužujejo prav takšnega, selektivno naravnanega pristopa, kar je v današnjem času moč opaziti predvsem v povezavi z napotenimi delavci, kjer se ti soočajo z diskriminatornimi nacionalnimi ureditvami, ki ovirajo prost pretok na notranjem trgu. Še večji problem v zvezi z neločljivostjo štirih svoboščin pa se kaže v obliki ''brain drain'' migracij, s katerimi se srečujejo nekatere države članice EU. Čeprav do tujih kadrov selektivno pristopajo predvsem načeloma gospodarsko boljše razvite države članice priselitve, ta pojav v resnici predstavlja največji problem za države članice, iz katerih izobražena delovna sila odhaja. Takšne in podobne težave bodo v bližnji prihodnosti preizkušale trdnost EU, ki mora ostati neodvisna sui generis tvorba z lastnimi cilji in načrti za nadaljnji razvoj. V magistrski nalogi zaključujem, da je neločljivosti štirih svoboščin potrebno pripisati velik pomen, saj je od tega odvisen tako nadaljnji razvoj notranjega trga kot tudi nasploh politična smer, ki jo bo v prihodnje ubirala EU. Ta se mora zavzemati za ohranitev celovitosti notranjega trga, kakor tudi za vedno bolj povezane države članice, ki naj medsebojno sodelujejo brez neupravičenih ovir in omejitev za prost pretok. V duhu tega pa je vsakršna selektivno vodena politika neprimerna ter lahko zraven kršitve pravnega reda EU predstavlja resno grožnjo za nadaljnje povezovanje evropskih narodov. The master thesis explores indivisibility of the internal market, which is as a fundamental goal and a key pillar of the EU established on countless efforts to integrate national markets. The internal market is both an economic project aimed at the effective development and growth of the economy in order to achieve a state of prosperity, as well as a political project to achieve the highest possible integration of Member States into a common union with a single market. The four freedoms of the internal market are linked into an inseparable whole, which can be identified from two aspects. Firstly the awareness of effective integration of the four freedoms, which together can ensure the optimal internal market and secondly the policy of the most uniform approach to the internal market and the rejection of selectivity in order to preserve integrity. The integrity of the internal market and the (in)separation of the four freedoms has been and still is a hot topic. The creation and protection of the inseparability of the four freedoms as a principle of EU law began to be discussed mainly during Brexit. It could be classified as one of the basic principles that form the basis for the constitutional structure of the acquis, as the principle of the inseparability of the four freedoms is the foundation for an efective internal market and consequently development of the EU as a whole. Partial participation in the internal market, where a Member State selectively chooses between freedoms and has the potential to impede free movement must not be allowed, as it poses a threat to the integrity and proper functioning of the EU as a whole. Nevertheless, individual Member States use such a selective approaches in the market, which can be seen today mainly in relation to posted workers, where they face discriminatory national arrangements that hinder free movement in the internal market. An even bigger problem regarding the inseparability of the four freedoms is in the form of brain drain migrations. Although foreign staff are selectively approached mainly by economically better developed Member States, this phenomenon is in fact the biggest problem for the Member States from which the educated workforce is leaving. Such and similar problems will test the strength of the EU in the near future, which must remain an independent sui generis entity with its own goals and plans for further development. It is concluded that inseparability of the four freedoms is of a great importance for further development of the internal market as well as the political direction in general that the EU will take in the upcoming future. The EU must work to preserve the integrity of the internal market, same goes for increasingly interconnected Member States, which should cooperate with each other without unjustified obstacles and restrictions on free movement. However, any selectively pursued policy is inappropriate and in addition to violating the acquis, can pose a serious threat to the further integration of European nations. pravo EU svoboščine notranjega trga neločljivost načelo prava EU politični selektivni pristop držav Brexit delavci diskriminacija beg možganov EU law freedoms of the Single Market indivisibility principle of EU law political selective approach of countries Brexit workers dicrimination brain drain true true false [M. Kotnik] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2021-07-18 20:15:53 2021-07-26 14:07:44 2022-08-09 21:42:53 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2021 0 Maribor 0 Maribor 56 f. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 339.3:341(043.3) 71452931 MAG_Kotnik_Maja_2021.pdf MAG_Kotnik_Maja_2021.pdf 1 8075F2537F25C9441951B47BFDC7A689 9a46aacffe806611d97d55bb41c83f3ac9dbf8cfb5abed404a7c9821b64f7c25 25ab71d0-e875-11eb-b582-00155d581298 20.500.12556/dkum/b844d268-bf96-494f-8773-878178d7ebd0 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=151326 Pravna fakulteta 0 0 0