20.500.12556/DKUM-79778 Reorganizacija varnostno-obveščevalnih služb v vzhodni Evropi po padcu komunizma diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa Varstvoslovje Reorganisation of intelligence and security services in Eastern Europe after the fall of communism Ob koncu 80. in v začetku 90. let 20. stoletja je v številnih srednje- in vzhodnoevropskih državah s komunističnim ter socialističnim političnim in gospodarskim sistemom prišlo do korenitih sprememb. Globoka ekonomska kriza v kombinaciji z zmanjševanjem vpliva in moči Sovjetske zveze ter prihodom bolj liberalno usmerjenih oseb na čelo vladajočih komunističnih partij je številnim narodom odprla pot, da sami vplivajo na prihodnost svoje države. To je omogočilo, da so v številnih državah po dolgem času ponovno potekale demokratične volitve, na katerih so zmagale stranke, ki so zagovarjale drugačne vrednote od prejšnjega političnega vodstva, predvsem spoštovanje demokracije, svobode govora in ostalih človekovih pravic ter tudi kapitalistično gospodarsko ureditev. Do obsežnih sprememb pa ni prišlo le na političnem in ekonomskem področju, ampak tudi na področju teritorialne celovitosti nekaterih držav. Številne države so razpadle, na njihovem mestu pa so nastale nove, spet druge so se ponovno združile z že obstoječimi državami. Prav vse države, ki so šle skozi proces tranzicije v nov politični in ekonomski sistem, pa so se znašle pred dilemo, kaj storiti z varnostno-obveščevalnimi službami, ki so delovale v teh državah v prejšnjem sistemu. Te službe v preteklosti niso samo zagotavljale varnosti države same, ampak so tudi igrale vlogo ideološke policije, ki je varovala interese vladajoče stranke. Ti interesi pa niso bili več v skladu z novimi vrednotami postkomunističnih držav. To je pomenilo, da je vodstvo teh držav moralo najti način reorganizacije varnostno-obveščevalnih služb, s katerim bi zagotovili spoštovanje načel demokracije in vladavine prava, pri tem pa ne bi smeli ogroziti varnosti države in njenih interesov. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, radical changes took place in many central and eastern European countries with a communist and socialist political and economic system. The deep economic crisis, combined with the weakening of the Soviet Union, both in its power and influence and the arrival of more liberal-minded leaders of ruling Communist Parties, has allowed many Central and Eastern European nations to influence the future of their countries. This allowed for democratic elections to be held again after a long time in many countries and were won by parties with values different from those of the previous political leadership. Those especially being respect for democracy, freedom of speech and other human rights, as well as a preference for a capitalist economy. However, some countries experienced changes to their territorial integrity as well. Many countries dissolved and new ones emerged in their place and others reunified with countries they were a part of in the past. But no matter what path to democratization those countries took, they were all faced with the dilemma of what to do with the security and intelligence services that operated in these countries in the previous system. In the past, these services not only ensured the security of the country itself, but also played the role of ideological police, protecting the interests of the ruling party, and those were no longer in line with the new values of these post-communist countries and their new leadership. This meant that the new governments of these countries had to find a way to reorganize the security and intelligence services in order to ensure respect for the principles of democracy and the rule of law, without compromising the security of the state itself and the interests of its nation. obveščevalno-varnostna dejavnost obveščevalne službe reorganizacija padec komunizma vzhodna Evropa diplomske naloge reorganisation intelligence and security services eastern Europe fall of communism true true false [B. Bohinc] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2021-08-17 13:13:41 2021-11-17 09:37:27 2022-08-09 22:02:28 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2021 0 Ljubljana 2021 Ljubljana VII f., 30 str. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 351.746.1(4-11)(043.2) 85222659 UN_Bohinc_Blaz_2021.pdf UN_Bohinc_Blaz_2021.pdf 1 B5A2216666EC82A5C3967968E5F8B9EA 876c3763d5f79378f603ec8ede98017ff09f07e451e6868d01cf2b3a97f8df30 0d877965-0296-11ec-a7d4-00155d581298 20.500.12556/dkum/c4d898ae-17be-4d66-85c8-ae53e007ac87 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=152045 Fakulteta za varnostne vede 0 0 0