20.500.12556/DKUM-82153 Biorazgradljivost biološko razgradljive plastike v morski vodi magistrsko delo Biodegradability of biodegradable plastics in the sea Plastika je s svojim pojavom na trgu povzročila pravo revolucijo in predstavlja eno izmed velikih civilizacijskih rešitev. Njene ugodne lastnosti so vplivale na naše vsakodnevno življenje v takšni meri, da si težko predstavljamo življenje brez nje. Plastika je prerasla večino umetnih materialov in je že dolgo pod okoljskim nadzorom, obstojnost plastike v okolju povzroča velike okoljske probleme, saj pogosto konča v ekosistemih, kjer ni zaželena. Posebej kritična so morja iz katerih se plastika težje izloča in negativno vpliva na morske živali, ujete v odpadke, in povzroča problem nano/mikroplastike, ki vstopa v prehranjevalno verigo. V težnji po razvoju podobnemu materialu plastiki, vendar s hitrejšim časom razgradnje in manjšim negativnim vplivom na okolje se je razvila t.i. biorazgradljiva plastika. V raziskovalnem delu smo v obdobju 190 dni spremljali biološko razgradljive (polilaktična kislina, polilaktična kislina premazana s hitozanom in plastika na osnovi škroba) in nerazgradljive vzorce plastik (polipropilen), ki so bili izpostavljeni simuliranem morskem okolju. Metode s katerimi smo analizirali plastične vzorce so gravimetrija, goniometrija, infrardeča spektroskopija s Fourierjevo transformacijo, rentgenska difrakcija, termo-gravimetrična analiza in optična mikroskopija. Rezultati kažejo na stabilnost polipropilena v simuliranem morskem okolju, med tem ko lahko potrdimo degradacijo ostalih preučevanih biološko razgradljivih vzorcev s pomočjo uporabe več analiznih metod. Ob zaključku eksperimentalnega dela smo ugotovili, da je potrebno za določitev biorazgradljivosti uporabiti skupino analiznih tehnik, ki nam podajo vpogled v spremembe preučevanih vzorcev. Plastics have revolutionized the market and are one of the great solutions for civilization. Its beneficial properties have influenced our daily lives to such an extent that it is hard to imagine life without it. Plastics have outgrown most man-made materials and have long been under environmental scrutiny because the persistence of plastics in the environment causes major environmental problems, as they often end up in ecosystems where they are not wanted. Particularly critical are the seas, from which plastics are more difficult to extract and have a negative impact on marine animals trapped in the waste, causing the problem of nano/microplastics entering the food chain. In the drive to develop a material similar to plastic but with a faster degradation time and less negative environmental impact, so-called biodegradable plastics have been developed. In this research, biodegradable (polylactic acid, chitosan-coated polylactic acid and starch-based plastics) and non-biodegradable plastic (polypropylene) samples exposed to a simulated marine environment were monitored over a period of 190 days. The methods used to analyze the plastic samples were gravimetry, goniometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermo-gravimetric analysis, and optical microscopy. The results show the stability of polypropylene in the simulated marine environment, while the degradation of the other biodegradable samples studied can be confirmed using several analytical methods. At the end of the experimental work, we concluded that it is necessary to use a group of analytical techniques to determine the biodegradability, giving us insight into the changes of the studied samples. Biološko razgradljiva plastika razgradljivost simulirana morska voda polilaktična kislina. Biodegradable plastics degradability simulated seawater polylactic acid. true true false [L. Lizzi] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2022-07-21 14:17:01 2022-08-29 11:58:32 2022-10-01 03:06:59 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2022 0 Maribor 0 Maribor 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (XIV, 67 f.)) 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 628.39:678.5/.7(043.2) 123680771 MAG_Lizzi_Lara_2022.pdf MAG_Lizzi_Lara_2022.pdf 1 27456EC14784C5A9D549EE6207FFA723 f8f03028529b1c3e67646a8da1f3dca2a6b40d2d30694a2d2178ad96a78b638b 736ff806-2535-11ed-908c-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=160905 Fakulteta za strojništvo 0 0 0