20.500.12556/DKUM-82253 Povezava med verodostojnostjo in izraženimi čustvi ob pričanju domnevno zlorabljenih otrok diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa Varstvoslovje Correlation between credibility and expressed emotions of supposedly abused children when testifying "Učinek emocionalne priče" - fenomen, pri katerem na ljudi vpliva čustveno stanje oziroma vedenje osebe med pričanjem - predstavlja potencialen izvor napačnih odločitev v kazenskih postopkih. Opažena stereotipizirana pričakovanja, da naj bi otroci med razkrivanjem spolne ali fizične zlorabe bili žalostni, kljub temu da v dejanskem forenzičnem okolju to ni vedno običajno, lahko vodijo v neustrezne presoje otrokove verodostojnosti v legalnem kontekstu. Medsebojno različne čustvene reakcije otrok so posledica njihovih unikatnih načinov spopadanja s spomini na travmatične dogodke ter več individualnih, razvojnih in kontekstualnih dejavnikov, ki vplivajo na zaznave njihove verodostojnosti, vključno z osebnimi značilnostmi ocenjevalcev, kjer izpostavljamo spol ter stopnjo empatije. Ženske otroke, ki pričajo o zlorabi, zaznavajo kot bolj verodostojne kot moški, potencialno, ker so nasploh opažene kot bolj empatične. Izmerjene višje stopnje empatije pri osebah namreč rezultirajo v njihovo zaznavanje otroških žrtev zlorab kot bolj žalostnih med pričanjem, posledično tudi bolj verodostojnih, kar rezultira v pogostejše obsodbe osumljenca. Tovrstni poudarek na čustvenosti pričanja, namesto njegovi vsebini, škodi ter ovira pravičnost kazenskega procesa. Potrebne so spremembe pri (legalnem) obravnavanju otroških žrtev spolnih ter fizičnih zlorab in ozaveščanje o "učinku emocionalne priče" ter njegovi potencialni škodljivosti. The emotional witness effect - the phenomenon as a result of which people are affected by the emotional state or behaviour of a person while testifying - represents a potential source of wrongful decisions in criminal proceedings. Observed stereotyped expectations that children should be sad when disclosing sexual or physical abuse, even though this is not always the case in a real forensic setting, can lead to inaccurate evaluations of children’s credibility in a legal context. Differences in children's emotional reactions are a consequence of their unique ways of coping with memories of traumatic events and many individual, developmental, and contextual factors, which affect their perceived credibility, including evaluator’s personal characteristics, such as their gender and empathy level. Women perceive children who testify about abuse as more credible than men, potentially, because they are generally observed as more empathetic. Measured higher levels of empathy actually result in people perceiving children victims of abuse as sadder while testifying, which results in more positive credibility evaluations and more frequent suspect convictions. This sort of emphasis on the emotionality of a testimony instead of its content is harmful and impedes the fairness of the legal process. Changes of (legal) proceedings of child victims of sexual and physical abuse are necessary, as well as raising awareness about the emotional witness effect and its potential harmfulness. pričanja čustva verodostojnost diplomske naloge abuse children testifying emotions credibility true true false [A. Hren] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2022-08-08 14:15:37 2022-10-04 14:17:53 2022-10-12 08:51:57 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2022 0 Ljubljana 2022 Ljubljana V f., 44 str. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 159.9:340.6(043.2) 124163331 UN_Hren_Amadeja_2022.pdf UN_Hren_Amadeja_2022.pdf 1 AE0785B0AFEECB7D27C68FC19303E503 0714cb3bb079cb1fd6368e21eff69466495c5167baa48d903e65bc5eb305e573 fefa2974-2872-11ed-9649-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=161242 Fakulteta za varnostne vede 0 0 0