20.500.12556/DKUM-82870 Analiza in pomen naftnega trga v 21. stoletju Analysis and significance of the oil market in the 21st century V ekonomski teoriji velja oligopol za eno izmed osnovnih tržnih struktur, katere osnovne značilnosti so malo število ponudnikov na trgu, relativno nizka stopnja diferenciacije med proizvodi ponudnikov in visoke vstopne ovire. Enake značilnosti ima tudi svetovni naftni trg, zato ga uvrščamo v to tržno strukturo. Naftni trg in njegovi proizvodi še vedno poganjajo več kot polovico svetovnega gospodarstva, za kar na vidiku še ni alternative. Naftni trg velja za enega izmed redkih, ki mu tržno dinamiko na svetovni ravni narekuje odkrit kartel. Govorimo o mednarodni organizaciji držav izvoznic nafte ali krajše OPEC, ki s svojimi posegi skrbi za stabilnost naftnega trga in ohranjanje tržnih deležev držav članic kartela. V diplomskem delu preučujemo in analiziramo dogajanja na naftnem trgu v 21. stoletju. Predstavimo povpraševanje in ponudbo na tem trgu po svetu, raziščemo, kateri gospodarski sektor je največji porabnik naftnih derivatov, analiziramo cene surove nafte in pojasnimo, kaj se je z naftnim trgom dogajalo med pandemijo covid-19. Pregledno predstavimo tudi specifike slovenskega naftnega trg, pri čemer ugotavljamo, da je liberalizacija naftnega trga v Sloveniji povzročila dvig maloprodajnih cen naftnih derivatov. Prav tako pokažemo, da kljub veliki volatilnosti naftnih cen obstaja korelacija med inflacijo v Evropi in Združenih državah Amerike ter rastjo cen surove nafte (Crude WTI in Brent). Oligopoly is one of the fundamental market structures of modern economic theory. Its characteristics are a small number of players on the market, relatively low product differentiation and high barriers to entry. These characteristics fit those of the world oil market; therefore, it is classified under this market structure. The oil market and its products still drive half of the world economy, and no alternatives exist hitherto. The oil market is one of few where an open cartel dictates market dynamics at a global level. This cartel is the International Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries, OPEC for short, which intervenes to ensure the stability of the oil market and maintain its member countries' market shares. In this thesis, developments in the oil market in the 21st century are studied and analysed. The supply and demand in this market around the world are presented, it is explored which economic sector is the largest consumer of petroleum products, crude oil prices are analysed, and it is explained what happened to the oil market during the covid-19 pandemic. An overview of the particulatiries of the Slovenian oil market is also provided, noting that the liberalisation of the oil market in Slovenia has led to a rise in retail prices of oil products. Lastly, the research shows a correlation between inflation in Europe and the United States and the increase in crude oil prices (Crude WTI and Brent) despite the high volatity of oil prices. tržne strukture oligopol naftni trg liberalizacija inflacija market structures oligopoly the oil market liberalization inflation true true false L. Nežmah Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2022-09-06 14:17:35 2022-11-03 11:39:37 2022-11-04 03:18:29 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2022 0 [Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 339.13.012.432 127873027 VS_Nezmah_Luka_2022.pdf VS_Nezmah_Luka_2022.pdf 1 5992A6E73A1DA9637C16FD4F6278D4CB 9ef056a89eb9f8459674b0f5ed578b2782cd821159bab9367010680410727b06 93f81546-38d0-11ed-bbca-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=163027 Ekonomsko-poslovna fakulteta 0 0 0