20.500.12556/DKUM-84115 Vpliv omamljanja živali pred zakolom na izražanje bolečine, merjene z vokalizacijo magistrsko delo Stunning method effects at slaughter on the expression of pain measured by vocalization Predklavni in klavni postopki živalim povzročajo stres, trpljenje in bolečino, kar živali pogosto izražajo z oglašanjem (vokalizacijo). Negativnih aspektov ne moremo povsem preprečiti, a moramo storiti vse, da jih zmanjšamo na najmanjšo možno raven. Eden izmed obveznih ukrepov za zagotavljanje dobrobiti živali je omamljanje pred zakolom, ki ob ustrezni izvedbi povzroči takojšnjo izgubo zavesti in s tem neobčutljivost na bolečino. Literatura navaja, da lahko omamljanje smatramo kot učinkovito, če se med omamljanjem oglaša 3 % živali ali manj. V raziskavi smo želeli preveriti učinkovitost omamljanja prašičev s plinom CO2 in goveda s penetrirnim klinom v eni izmed slovenskih komercialnih klavnic. Uporabili smo metodo beleženja oglašanja. Za vsako žival smo zabeležili, ali se ob omamljanju oglaša ali ne, nismo pa beležili jakosti in vrste oglašanja. Pri govedu smo dodatno zabeležili še število strelov, potrebnih za uspešno omamljanje. Podatki so bili zbrani v 13 serijah zakola goveda (n=483) in 9 serijah zakola prašičev (n=528). Pri govedu se je v povprečju oglašalo 6 % govedi oziroma od 0 do 15 % po posameznih serijah (v štirih serijah ≤3 %). Pri prašičih se je v povprečju oglašalo 7 % prašičev, v posameznih serijah pa od 5 do 11 %, v nobeni seriji ni bila dosežena meja 3 % ali manj. Pri 25 % govedi je bil za ustrezno omamljanje potreben več kot en strel (tudi do štirje). Ob večkratnih strelih se je povečala tudi frekvenca oglašanja (na 10 % živali). V raziskavi ugotovljena stopnja vokalizacije presega mejo sprejemljivosti največ 3 %, ki je glede na literaturo dosegljiva. V izbrani klavnici bi bilo priporočljivo pregledati stanje, identificirati morebitne probleme (vzdrževanje opreme, usposobljenost delavcev itd.) in jih sanirati. Pre-slaughter and slaughter procedures cause stress, suffering and pain to the animals to which the animals often react by vocalizing. These negative aspects cannot be fully prevented, but must be reduced to the lowest possible level. One of the mandatory measures to ensure animal welfare is pre-slaughter stunning, which (if properly carried out) results in immediate loss of consciousness and consequent insensitivity to pain. According to the literature, stunning can be considered as effective if 3% or less of the animals vocalize during stunning. The aim of the study was to check the efficiency of stunning in one of the Slovenian commercial slaughterhouses, where pigs were stunned with CO2 and cattle with a penetration method. Vocalization was used to assess stress and pain, whereby each animal was recorded as vocaliser or non-vocaliser (vocalisation intensity and type was not defined). In cattle, the number of shots needed for successful stunning was additionally recorded. Data were collected in 13 batches of cattle slaughter (n=483) and 9 batches of pig slaughter (n=528). In cattle, 6% of animals were found to vocalise during stunning. In individual batches, the percentage ranged from 0 to 15% with four batches with 3% or less. In pigs, 7% of animals were found to vocalise during stunning. In individual batches, the percentage ranged from 5-11% with none of the batches with 3% or less. Multiple shots (up to four) were needed for efficient stunning in 25% of cattle. In case of multiple shooting, the frequency of vocalisation increased to 10% of the animals. Vocalization frequency found in the present research exceeded the maximum acceptable limit of 3%. It is recommended to check the situation in the studied slaughterhouse, identify possible problems (e.g. equipment operation and maintenance, worker qualifications, etc.) and eliminate/reduce them. oglašanje omamljanje zakol govedo prašiči vocalization stunning slaughter cattle pigs true true false [S. Kuhar] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2023-04-13 19:54:53 2023-05-03 14:30:12 2023-05-04 09:29:29 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2023 0 Maribor 0 Maribor 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (VII, 41 str.)) 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 636:637.512(043)=163.6 150785027 MAG_Kuhar_Sandra_2023.pdf MAG_Kuhar_Sandra_2023.pdf 1 C4F9F4AFE82A812200AB29D3BACAA867 ba21634b8ffc675cf4ebe44a393aaaccd9de2e9db265f50fd55c7278bead716f d08d7bf6-de8e-11ed-b3cb-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=166871 Fakulteta za kmetijstvo in biosistemske vede 0 0 0