20.500.12556/DKUM-84593 Analiza obratovanja in blata malih komunalnih čistilnih naprav diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa I. stopnje Operation and sludge analysis of small municipal wastewater treatment plants Odpadne vode nastajajo pri različnih procesih in imajo velik pomen, saj se z njimi srečujemo vsakodnevno. Zato je pomembno, da imamo čistilne naprave, ki delujejo ustrezno, saj lahko tako zmanjšamo onesnaževanje okolja. Predvsem so pomembne male komunalne čistilne naprave, ki so zelo pogosto uporabljene. Odpadna voda, ki izteka iz čistilne naprave, mora ustrezati določenim kriterijem, ki so predpisani v zakonodaji. V prvem delu diplome je analizirana učinkovitost delovanja dveh malih komunalnih čistilnih naprav. Za določitev učinkovitosti delovanja čistilnih naprav so analizirani naslednji parametri: KPK, BPK5, skupni in amonijev dušik, suspendirane snovi, usedljive snovi in skupni fosfor, ki smo ga še bolj podrobno analizirali in z njegovim obarjanjem pridobili struvit. Kot stranski produkt se iz čistilnih naprav izloča blato, ki se v večini primerov zavrže. Cilj naloge je dokazati, da ima blato veliko energetsko gostoto, saj ga lahko tako uporabimo v energetske namene. V diplomi smo analizirali dva različna vzorca iz male komunalne čistilne naprave in sicer dehidrirano blato in material, ki ostane na finem situ po odstranitvi peščenih delcev in mineralnih olj. Nastale odpadke smo preučili s pomočjo torefikacije. Prav tako smo surove in termično obdelane vzorce analizirali s primerjavo elementne sestave, kurilnih vrednosti in rezultatov analiz FTIR. Ugotovili smo, da lahko blato uporabimo kot biogorivo, saj ima visoko kurilno vrednost. Wastewater is generated by a wide range of processes and is of great importance as it is encountered on a daily basis. It is therefore important to have wastewater treatment plants that work properly to reduce pollution. Small municipal wastewater treatment plants are particularly important and are very widely used. The wastewater flowing from the treatment plant must meet certain criteria laid down in legislation. In the first part of the thesis, the performance of two small municipal wastewater treatment plants was analysed. The following parameters were analysed to determine the performance of the: COD, BOD5, total and ammoniacal nitrogen, suspended solids, settleable solids, and total phosphorus, which was further analysed in detail, and struvite was obtained by phosphorus precipitation. Sludge is discharged as a by-product from wastewater treatment plants and in most cases is discarded. This thesis aimed to demonstrate that sludge has a high energy density and can be used for energy purposes. In the thesis, two different samples from a small municipal sewage treatment plant were analysed, namely dewatered sludge and the material remaining on the fine sieve after the removal of sand particles and mineral oils. The resulting waste was analysed using torrefication. We also analysed the raw and thermally treated samples by comparing elemental composition, heating values, and FTIR analysis results. We found that the sludge can be used as a biofuel as it has a high heating value. učinkovitost čistilne naprave fosfor torefikacija kurilna vrednost biogorivo sewage treatment plant efficiency phosphorus torrefaction heating value biofuel true true false [N. Fekonja] Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2023-06-26 17:16:51 2023-07-17 12:56:38 2023-09-07 03:09:15 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2023 0 Maribor 0 Maribor 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (XI, 59 f.)) 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 628.32(043.2) 163404803 UN_Fekonja_Nika_2023.pdf UN_Fekonja_Nika_2023.pdf 1 202810B6659C9DAEAD4FDAC4AD45D670 ff6e72e0fad429d0657fcb4221256a38ee55bb44bc9c3e86e7343a7d69d4a1b4 7076c5fa-20b0-11ee-aa7e-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=168720 Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo 0 0 0