20.500.12556/DKUM-85283 Učinkovitost ukrepa prepovedi približevanja kot sredstvo za preprečevanje družinskega nasilja magistrsko delo The effectiveness of restraining orders as a means of preventing domestic violence Družinsko nasilje je ena izmed najstarejših pojavnih oblik nasilja in pomeni grobo kršitev človekovih pravic ter človekovega dostojanstva. Čeravno se o tej problematiki v zadnjih desetletjih intenzivno ozavešča družbo, je primerov družinskega nasilja na vsakodnevni bazi še vedno preveč. Pomemben premik v smeri preprečevanja nasilja v družini zagotovo pomeni sprejetje Zakona o preprečevanju nasilja v družini (ZPND) v letu 2008. Temeljni namen izvajanja določb tega zakona je predvsem v zagotavljanju učinkovitejše pomoči žrtvam v primerih nasilja, zaščiti žrtve nasilja, prizadevanju za spremembo vedenja povzročitelja nasilja in s preventivnimi ukrepi zmanjšati pojavnost družinskega nasilja. S sprejetjem ZPND sta se država kot tudi družba začeli zavedati resnosti obstoja ter množičnosti družinskega nasilja. Zavedati se je potrebno, da pri družinskem nasilju velja ničelna toleranca, zato se mora slednje preprečevati z različnimi mehanizmi, če pa že pride do nasilnega incidenta, mora država storiti vse, kar je v njeni moči, da čim bolj omili nastale posledice. Sredstvo, ki v trenutku zaustavi družinsko nasilje, je izrek ukrepa prepovedi približevanja, ki ga najpogosteje izreka policija, skladno z Zakonom o nalogah in policijskih pooblastilih (ZNPPol). Povzročitelj nasilja mora ob izreku prepovedi približevanja nemudoma prenehati s svojimi ravnanji, s tem pa ukrep izpolni svoj glavni cilj ‒ žrtvi zagotovi varnost. Z izrečenim ukrepom se žrtvi in povzročitelju nasilja sporoča, da je nasilje zavržno in nedopustno ravnanje, s tem pa se na družbo prenese daljnosežno sporočilo. V tem delu, torej takojšno nudenje zaščite žrtvi nasilja, je ukrep prepovedi približevanja učinkovit in zadosten, saj se s samim izrekom nasilna dejanja promptno prekinejo. Nekoliko več dvomov o sami učinkovitosti prepovedi približevanja v praksi pa se pojavi v zvezi s spoštovanjem izrečene prepovedi približevanja s strani povzročitelja nasilja. Obstajajo namreč številni vzroki, vsled katerih se prepoved približevanja s strani storilcev nasilja ne spoštuje v takšni meri, kot bi bilo zaželeno. Vendar v zvezi z zadevno problematiko neupoštevanja izrečene prepovedi približevanja obstajajo marsikateri predlogi, s katerimi je mogoče izboljšati efektivnost ukrepa prepovedi približevanja na način, da se bo ta spoštoval bolj, kot kažejo dosedanje prakse. Na tem mestu se izpostavlja predlog, ki je zares vreden omembe, in sicer bolj intenzivno ter obvezno vključevanje storilcev nasilja v programe dela, kjer imajo ključno vlogo nudenja pomoči storilcem nasilja, pristojne institucije na področju družinskega nasilja. Poleg pomembnosti slednjih pa je še vedno poglavitnega pomena, da se družbo čim bolj osvešča o družinskem nasilju, saj se moramo vsi ljudje zavedati, da družinsko nasilje ni tabu tema, marveč tema, o kateri se je treba pogovarjati in iskati ustrezne rešitve s katerimi se bo zmanjšala številčnost tega deviantnega pojava. Kot družba nosimo vsi odgovornost, da žrtvam nasilja ponudimo roko, jim prisluhnemo, verjamemo ter jim pomagamo. Domestic violence is one of the oldest forms of violence and is a gross violation of human rights and human dignity. Although society has been intensively sensitised to this issue in recent decades, there are still too many cases of family violence on a daily basis. The adoption of the Law on the Prevention of Domestic Violence (LPND) in 2008 is certainly an important step forward in the prevention of domestic violence. The main purpose of implementing the provisions of this law is to provide more effective assistance to victims in cases of violence, to protect the victim of violence, to seek to change the behaviour of the perpetrator of violence and to reduce the incidence of domestic violence through preventive measures. With the adoption of the ZPND, the State and society have become aware of the seriousness of the existence and prevalence of domestic violence. It is important to realise that there is zero tolerance of domestic violence and that we must prevent it or, if it occurs, try to mitigate the consequences as far as possible. The most common means of stopping domestic violence in its tracks is the imposition of a restraining order, which is most often imposed by the police, in accordance with the Police Duties and Powers Act (PDPAol). The perpetrator of the violence must therefore immediately cease his or her behaviour when a restraining order is imposed, thus fulfilling the main objective of the measure - to ensure the safety of the victim. The imposition of a restraining order sends a message to both the victim and the perpetrator that violence is a reprehensible and unacceptable act, thereby sending a far-reaching message to society. In this respect, so the immediate provision of protection to the victim, the restraining order is effective and sufficent, as the imposition of the restraining order itself puts an immediate end to the violent acts. However, the effectiveness of the restraining order itself in practice is questioned somewhat more in relation to the compliance of the perpetrator with the restraining order. There are a number of reasons why restraining orders are not respected by perpetrators of violence to the extent that would be desirable. However, with regard to the issue of non-compliance with a restraining order, there are a number of suggestions that could be made to improve the effectiveness of the restraining order so that it is complied with to a greater extent than has been shown in current practice. One suggestion that really deserves mentioning here is the more intensive and mandatory involvement of perpetrators of violence in work programmes where the competent institutions in the field of domestic violence play a key role in providing assistance to perpetrators of violence. In addition to the importance of the latter, it is still of paramount importance to raise society's awareness of domestic violence as much as possible, because we all need to be aware that domestic violence is not a taboo subject, but one that needs to be discussed and appropriate solutions found to reduce the incidence of this deviant phenomenon. As a society, we all have a responsibility to reach out to victims of violence, to listen, believe and help them. Družinsko nasilje Zakon o preprečevanju družinskega nasilja (ZPND) ukrep prepovedi približevanja Zakon o nalogah in pooblastilih policije prekinitev družinskega nasilja učinkovitost ukrepa prepovedi približevanja program dela ozaveščanje družbe. Domestic violence Law on the Prevention of Domestic Violence (ZPND) a restraining order Police Duties and Powers Act ending domestic violence effectiveness of the restraining order the work programme. true true false L. Senica Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2023-08-24 12:39:17 2023-10-16 09:11:46 2023-10-17 03:10:21 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2023 0 Maribor 0 Maribor Sistemske zahteve: Acrobat reader 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (88 str.)) 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 343.263.1:347.61/.64(043.3) 168470531 MAG_Senica_Lena_2023.pdf MAG_Senica_Lena_2023.pdf 1 96D81D22214F97CC548B018612DE0AFB bd123688c2607447db7424cc18de8bb89631c452213efc5b2cf3c075b495f055 16672b6c-53b2-11ee-8ecf-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=172327 Pravna fakulteta 0 0 0