20.500.12556/DKUM-85718 Izboljšanje preiskav papilarnih linij s sistemskim pristopom magistrsko delo Improving papillary line investigation with systematic approach Prstni odtisi so odtisi odvzeti s prstov osebe z znano identiteto za namene ugotavljanja identitete osebe, ki je pustila prstno sled (enako velja za dlani in podplate). Odtisi so pomemben faktor pri daktiloskopiranju, ko se s črnilom pobarva konice prstov in dlani, nato pa jih kriminalistični tehniki povaljajo na daktiloskopske kartončke. Danes se uporabljajo sodobnejše metode odvzemov odtisov z optičnimi čitalci. Prstne sledi (sledi papilarnih linij) storilec nezavedno pusti na kraju kaznivega dejanja, zato lahko z njimi izsledimo storilca in dokazujemo njegovo prisotnost. Papilarne linije se zaradi svoje raznolikosti med ljudmi in obstojnosti lahko uporabljajo v številnih različnih aplikacijah, vključno z individualizacijo prstnih sledi, kriminalističnimi preiskavami ... Zasnove daktiloskopije temeljijo na anatomiji, nevrologiji, genetiki in embriologiji. Pri daktiloskopiji se prstne sledi analizirajo, razvrščajo in primerjajo s prstnimi odtisi, da se ugotovi identiteta osebe, ki je pustila prstno sled. Znanstveno dejstvo daktiloskopije je, da dva človeka nimata enakih prstnih odtisov, zato je zanesljiv način ugotavljanja identitete osebe. Za te namene so bili skonstruirani računalniški sistemi za avtomatsko primerjavo sledi in odtisov papilarnih linij ter njihovo hrambo v elektronski obliki (AFIS), ki zagotavljajo hitre in natančne rezultate v obsežnih podatkovnih zbirkah. K sistemskemu pristopu k preiskovanju prispevata tudi sistema ACE-V in GYRO. Metoda ACE-V se lahko uporablja za postopek individualizacije prstnih sledi in je standard za dokumentiranje analize, primerjave, vrednotenja in preverjanja. Sistem GYRO je namenjen povečanju preglednosti dokumentov povezanih z individualizacijo prstne sledi. Sistem GYRO ne vključuje le izbire morfoloških značilnosti prstnega odtisa, temveč tudi beleženje delovnega postopka preiskovalca. Fingerprints are impressions taken from the fingers of a person with a known identity for the purpose of identifying the person who left the latent print (the same applies to palms and soles). Fingerprints are an important factor in dactyloscopy, where the tips of the fingers and palms are inked and then rolled onto dactyloscope cards by forensic technicians. Fingerprints are also an important factor in dactyloscopyc examinations, where the tips of the fingers and palms are painted with ink and then rolled by forensic technicians. Nowadays, more modern methods of taking fingerprints with scanners are used. Latent prints (papillary traces) are left unknowingly by the culprit at the scene of the crime and can be used to trace the offender and prove his presence. Because of their interpersonal variability and persistence papillary lines can be used in a wide variety of applications, including individualization of latent prints, criminal investigations, etc. The concepts of dactyloscopy are based on anatomy, neurology, genetics and embryology. In dactyloscopy, latent prints are analyzed, classified, and compared with fingerprints to establish the identity of the person who left the latent print. The scientific fact of dactyloscopy is that no two people have identical fingerprints, so it is a reliable way of establishing a person's identity. Computer systems have been constructed for this purpose to automatically compare traces and prints of papillary lines and store them electronically (AFIS), providing fast and accurate results in large databases. The ACE-V and GYRO systems also contribute to a systems approach to investigation. The ACE-V method can be used for the individualization process of latent prints and is the standard for documenting analysis, comparison, evaluation, and verification. The GYRO system is designed to increase the transparency of documents related to latent print individualization. The GYRO system includes not only the selection of the morphological characteristics of the fingerprint, but also the recording of the investigator's workflow. prstne sledi prstni odtisi papilarne linije daktiloskopija sistemski pristopi magistrska dela latent fingerprint fingerprint papillary lines dactyloscopy systematic approach true true false S. Kresevič Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2023-09-07 10:05:11 2023-10-12 14:29:42 2023-10-13 03:19:54 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2023 0 Ljubljana 2023 Ljubljana VIII f., [74] str. 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 343.98(043.2) 168176387 MAG_Kresevic_Sabina_2023.pdf MAG_Kresevic_Sabina_2023.pdf 1 4E3210D4F51D9881332319B34EDD6779 ce4be8df6c5101cb7e90c00280f97565a4a14fade25d5d434c1f6a860f7c8fac 23f8c91c-68df-11ee-a17d-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=173511 Fakulteta za varnostne vede 0 0 0