20.500.12556/DKUM-86209 Kognitivni in psihofiziološki vidiki izgorelosti doktorska disertacija Cognitive and psychophysiological aspects of burnout Pojav izgorelosti je zadnjih nekaj desetletjih pridobil pozornost tako splošne javnosti kot tudi znanstvenega raziskovanja. Čeprav je najpogosteje definiran kot sindrom, ki je povezan z delom, lahko močno zaznamuje posameznikovo delovanje tudi izven delovnega konteksta. V tej nalogi smo se proučevali na kognitivne in psihofiziološke vidike izgorelosti, ki so v literaturi manj raziskani. V empiričnem delu naloge smo se osredotočili na osrednji simptom izgorelosti, tj. izčrpanosti zaradi dela (tako poklicnega kot študijskega) ter delovne zahteve v povezavi s kognitivnim in psihofiziološkim delovanjem, s poudarkom na variabilnosti v srčnem utripu (HRV). Natančneje smo želeli proučiti, kako je izčrpanost povezana z različnimi vidiki kognitivnega delovanja, kako sta zahtevnost nalog in izčrpanost povezani s HRV, ter ali splošna izčrpanost moderira odnos med zahtevami in kognitivnim ter psihofiziološkim delovanjem. V prvem poglavju je najprej opisano splošno teoretično ozadje, nato pa sledijo tri empirične študije. V prvi študiji, opisani v drugem poglavju, smo s prečnim raziskovalnim načrtom na vzorcu zaposlenih želeli proučiti, kako je izčrpanost povezana s samoporočanimi kognitivnimi težavami ter uspešnostjo reševanja nalog pozornosti in inhibicije. Ugotovili smo, da se izčrpanost povezuje predvsem s samoporočanimi kognitivnimi težavami, medtem ko zanesljive povezave z uspešnostjo reševanja kognitivnih nalog ni bilo. Nadalje smo v drugi študiji, ki jo opisujemo v tretjem poglavju, z dnevniškim raziskovalnim načrtom na vzorcu zaposlenih želeli ugotoviti, kako se delovne zahteve in izčrpanost spreminjata na dnevni ravni ter kakšna je njuna povezava z vsakodnevnimi kognitivnimi težavami in spodrsljaji ter HRV. Ugotovitve te raziskave kažejo, da so dnevne delovne zahteve povezane z izčrpanostjo ter da je ta odnos izrazitejši za tiste z višjo ravnjo splošne izčrpanosti od dela. Rezultati kažejo tudi, da je dnevna izčrpanost povezava z več samoporočanimi kognitivnimi težavami. Dnevna izčrpanost ni bila povezana s HRV, medtem ko je splošna izčrpanost bila povezana z nižjimi vrednostnimi HRV. V zadnji, tretji študiji, ki jo opisujemo v četrtem poglavju, smo navedene odnose želeli proučiti še na eksperimentalni ravni. Na vzorcu študentov smo preverili, kako se različna zahtevnost kognitivnih nalog povezuje s HRV ter kakšna je vloga splošne izčrpanosti v tem odnosu. Izsledki študije kažejo, da je višja zahtevnost naloge povezana s spremembo v HRV, pri tem pa se nakazuje pomembna vloga izčrpanosti v tem odnosu. Nalogo zaključujemo s splošno diskusijo izvedenih študij in navedbo omejitev ter idej za prihodnje raziskovanje. Ugotovitve izvedenih raziskav dajejo dodatni vpogled v dinamiko odnosa med dnevnimi delovnimi zahtevami in izčrpanostjo v procesu izgubljanja energetskih virov ter pojasnjujejo vlogo splošne izčrpanosti v tem odnosu. Prepoznavanje kognitivnih in fizioloških vidikov izgorelosti je pomembno za razumevanje osnovnih mehanizmov in obravnavo izgorelosti ter razvoj učinkovitih intervencij. Over the last few decades, burnout has been a popular topic in both academic circles and the general public. While commonly recognized as a work-related syndrome, it is important to acknowledge that burnout can exert far-reaching effects on diverse domains of an individual's overall functioning, extending beyond the realm of work-related consequences. The present thesis aims to fill a research gap by exploring the cognitive and psychophysiological aspects of burnout, which have received limited attention in existing literature. In the empirical part of the thesis, we focus on the central symptom of burnout, i.e., work or study-related exhaustion, and job demands and their association with cognitive and psychophysiological functioning, with an emphasis on heart rate variability (HRV). Specifically, we wanted to examine how work-related exhaustion is associated with different aspects of cognitive functioning, how demands of the tasks and work-related exhaustion are associated with HRV, and whether general exhaustion moderates the relationship between demands and cognitive and psychophysiological functioning. Following a general introduction described in Chapter 1, Chapter 2 encompasses a cross-sectional study in a sample of employees. In this study, we investigated how exhaustion relates to self-reported cognitive difficulties and performance on tasks measuring attention and inhibition. We found that exhaustion was mainly associated with self-reported cognitive difficulties. However, conclusive evidence regarding the link between exhaustion and performance on cognitive tasks could not be established. Chapter 3 presents the second study, employing a diary study design, aimed at examining the daily fluctuations of job demands and exhaustion and their relationship with daily cognitive problems and nocturnal HRV. The results of this study showed that daily job demands are associated with exhaustion, particularly among individuals with higher levels of general exhaustion. It was further shown that daily exhaustion is associated with more self-reported cognitive difficulties. Notably, daily exhaustion was not associated with HRV, while general exhaustion was found to be associated with lower HRV. In the third and final study (Chapter 4), we were interested in further exploring these relationships in the experimental context. This study involved a sample of undergraduate students and sought to examine how varying levels of cognitive task difficulty tasks relate to HRV and the role of general exhaustion in this relationship. The findings revealed that increased task difficulty was associated with alterations in HRV, suggesting an influence of cognitive task demands on autonomic regulation. The relationship between task difficulty and HRV appeared to be moderated by general exhaustion. We conclude the thesis with a general discussion of the conducted studies alongside limitations and critical gaps in current knowledge. Future investigations addressing these limitations and gaps are necessary to advance our understanding of the relationships explored in this thesis. The findings of this thesis shed light on the intricate dynamic characterizing the association between job demands and exhaustion, and their association with cognitive and psychophysiological functioning. The results not only provide valuable insights into the interplay between job demands and exhaustion but also elucidate the role of general exhaustion in shaping this relationship. Identifying the cognitive and physiological aspects of burnout is important for understanding the underlying mechanisms and management of burnout and aiding in developing effective interventions. izgorelost kognicija HRV delovne zahteve Burnout cognition HRV job demands true true false M. Horvat Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Doktorsko delo/naloga 2023-10-24 16:09:41 2024-04-04 09:35:00 2024-04-05 03:51:00 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2023 0 Maribor 0 Maribor 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (IX, 191 str.)) 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 159.944.4:331.442(043.3) 191342851 DOK_Horvat_Marina_2023.pdf DOK_Horvat_Marina_2023.pdf 1 6AB72A0D3F2171EC42131799398A3F18 0331fa632433cf05dbbad9caf38f269ea24afdec774ea6c69133016eb066a990 076f913b-7278-11ee-b276-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=173728 Filozofska fakulteta 0 0 0