20.500.12556/DKUM-89888 Koordinacija fiskalne politike v Evropski uniji Coordination of Fiscal Policy in the European Union V zadnjih petnajstih letih je Evropska unija prestala dve gospodarski krizi, prvo v letih 2008 in 2009, drugo pa leta 2020 med pandemijo covida-19. V tem diplomskem delu smo preučili, kako je EU v preteklosti uravnavala fiskalno politiko posameznih držav članic in kako to počne danes. Pri tem opazujemo spreminjanje javnih dolgov držav članic in posamezne probleme, s katerimi so se članice Evropske unije soočale. Leta 2012 so vse države članice, razen Velike Britanije in Češke, podpisale medvladno Pogodbo o stabilnosti in usklajevanju v ekonomski in monetarni uniji, del katere je bil tudi fiskalni pakt (za stabilnost in rast – SGP). Osnovni cilj pakta je zagotoviti vzdržne javne finance, kar naj bi podpiralo druge temeljne makroekonomske cilje (stabilnost cen, gospodarska rast in zaposlenost). Pakt je sestavljen iz preventivnega in korektivnega dela. Preventivni del zagotavlja vzdržno fiskalno politiko čez ekonomski cikel, medtem ko korektivni del odpravlja prekomerne primanjkljaje držav članic. Ob ogledu javnofinančnih prihodkov in odhodkov držav članic smo ugotovili, da je med gospodarsko krizo v letih 2008 in 2009 javnofinančni primanjkljaj držav članic v povprečju narastel za 4,1 % BDP, se nato stalno zmanjševal do leta 2019, ko je ta znašal le še 0,4 % BDP, ter nato med pandemijo covid-19 ponovno narastel na 6,7 % BDP. Ugotovili smo, da so prihodki držav članic skozi leta ostali približno enaki, odhodki pa so se ob pojavu krize povečali, v trudu, da se posledice krize zmanjšajo. V obdobju po veliki recesiji so se vse države članice, razen Estonije, Luksemburga in Švedske, znašle v postopku v zvezi s čezmernim primanjkljajem. Vse države, razen Romunije, so čezmerni primanjkljaj primerno hitro odpravile, Romunija pa je deležna zaporednih postopkov v zvezi s pomembnimi odstopanji v okviru preventivnega dela SGP. Čeprav se postopek odvija vse od leta 2017, Romunija zanj še ni bila sankcionirana. In the last fifteen years, the EU has experienced two economic crises, the first in 2008 and 2009, and the second in 2020 during the Covid-19 pandemic. In this thesis we examine how the EU has managed the fiscal policies of individual Member States in the past and how it does so today. In doing so, we look at how Member States' public debts have changed and the specific problems that EU Member States have faced. In 2012, all Member States except the UK and the Czech Republic signed the Intergovernmental Treaty on Stability and Coordination in the Economic and Monetary Union, of which the Fiscal Pact (SGP) was a part. The main objective of the Pact is to ensure sustainable public finances, which should support other fundamental macroeconomic objectives (price stability, economic growth and employment). The Pact consists of a preventive and a corrective arm. The preventive arm ensures sustainable fiscal policy over the economic cycle, while the corrective arm tackles Member States' excessive deficits. Looking at Member States' revenue and expenditure, we found that during the economic crisis of 2008-2009, Member States' general government deficits rose by an average of 4.1% of GDP, then declined steadily until 2019, when it stood at just 0.4% of GDP, before rising again during the Covid-19 pandemic to 6.7% of GDP. We found that Member States' revenues remained roughly the same throughout the year, while expenditure increased when the crisis emerged, in an effort to mitigate the effects of the crisis. In the aftermath of the Great Recession, all Member States except Estonia, Luxembourg and Sweden have been in EDP. All countries except Romania have corrected their excessive deficits with reasonable haste, while Romania has been subject to successive significant departure procedures under the preventive arm of the SGP. Although the procedure has been ongoing since 2017, Romania has not yet been sanctioned. fiskalna politika fiskalna unija monetarna unija bančna unija gospodarska kriza fiscal policy fiscal union monetary union banking union economic crisis true true false R. Mohar Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2024-08-16 11:51:01 2024-09-25 11:53:12 2024-09-26 03:12:31 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 Maribor 0 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 336.1/.7 208871171 VS_Mohar_Rene_2024.pdf VS_Mohar_Rene_2024.pdf 1 DD663411970195F579196ACEDF4BA0E3 733114c9815565737234d9cd196bc164ed4db39f55c89bc0a2b7d08405ca1fee dd6c0208-74e6-11ef-8b85-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=185301 Ekonomsko-poslovna fakulteta 0 0 0