20.500.12556/DKUM-90319 Odziv drobnice na uvedbo prehranske novosti na pašniku diplomsko delo Small ruminant response to pasture food novelty Koze in ovce so izrazito čredne živali in čeprav gre za evolucijsko sorodni vrsti, je med njima precej etoloških razlik. V reji se pogosto pojavijo spremembe (novi predmeti, situacije, prehranski vir ipd.), na katere se živali vrstno specifično odzovejo. Koze in ovce običajno obravnavamo ločeno, v posamičnih čredah, medtem ko so njihovi vedenjski odzivi v mešanih čredah manj proučeni. Cilj naloge je bil proučiti odziv živali na uvedene prehranske novosti na pašniku in vpliv tega na njihov cirkadiani ritem zadrževanja v območju hleva oz. zavetja. Raziskava je bila izvedena v jesensko-zimskem času, v mešani čredi 19 ženskih živali (9 koz, 10 ovc), na pašniku FKBV PRE Drobnica v Pivoli. Uvedene prehranske novosti (NO – cisterna, prevleka za cisterno, bala in solni kamen) so bile nameščene na območje odprtega hleva oz. staje, kjer se živali zadržujejo med hranjenjem in počitkom. Odziv živali smo spremljali in analizirali s pomočjo lovskih sledilnih kamer, ki so pokrivale različne zorne kote in zabeležile kratke posnetke dogajanja v območju. Rezultati raziskave so pokazali močan vpliv NO na aktivnost živali ter potrdili predvidevanja o značajskih razlikah med obema vrstama. Ovce so se na uvedene novosti odzvale previdno in zadržano, v času prisotnosti NO so k hlevu prihajale kasneje, z okrog 30-minutnim zamikom (p<0,0001), medtem ko so koze pokazale izrazitejšo stopnjo raziskovalnega vedenja in v času prisotnosti NO k hlevu prihajale prej, okoli 30 minut bolj zgodaj (p<0,0001). Po habituaciji na predmet sta obe vrsti pokazali povečano stopnjo aktivnosti na območju hleva (npr. manipulacija NO, zadrževanje pri NO, hranjenje, pitje itd.). Prehranske novosti v okolju imajo velik vpliv na obnašanje živali, ki imajo glede na vrsto različen adaptacijski čas. Glede na naše rezultate je pri uvajanju sprememb na pašniku potrebno upoštevati vrstno specifične značilnosti pašne živine. Goats and sheep are distinctly herd animals, and although they are evolutionarily related species, there are many ethological differences between them. Breeding often involves changes (new objects, situations, food sources, etc.) to which the animals react in a species-specific way. Goats and sheep are usually treated separately in flocks, while their behavioural responses in mixed flocks are less well studied. The aim of the study was to analyse the animals' behavioural response to the introduction of novel feeding objects (NO – water tank, water tank cover, hay bale and salt stone) in the pasture and their effects on their circadian activity rhythm in the housing area. The study was conducted in autumn/winter in a mixed herd of 19 female animals (9 goats, 10 sheep) in the pasture, which is part of the FKBV PRE Drobnica in Pivola. The introduced novel feeding objects were placed in the area of an open barn where the animals spend time during feeding and resting. The reaction of the animals was observed and analysed using trail cameras that covered different angles and recorded short clips of what happened in the area. The results of the study showed a strong influence of NO on the animals' activity and confirmed the assumptions about the character differences between the two species. The sheep reacted cautiously to the novelties introduced and entered the barn later during the presence of the NO, with a delay of about 30 minutes (p<0.0001), while the goats showed a more pronounced exploratory behaviour and entered the barn about 30 minutes earlier during the presence of the NO (p<0.0001). After habituation, both species showed an increased level of activity in the barn area (e.g. manipulating the NO, grouping around the NO, eating, drinking, etc.). Feeding novel objects appeared to have different effects on the behaviour of goats and sheep, resulting in a species-specific adaptation period. According to our results, it is necessary to consider the species-specific characteristics of grazing animals when introducing changes in the feeding environment. ovce koze etologija neofobija prehrana Goats sheep ethology neophobia diet true true false N. Bajić Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Diplomsko delo/naloga 2024-08-29 09:47:32 2024-10-08 10:59:56 2024-10-09 03:12:17 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 Maribor 0 Maribor 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (VIII, 44 str.)) 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 636.3.083.1:591.5:636.084(043.2)=163.6 210619395 VS_Bajic_Nik_2024.pdf VS_Bajic_Nik_2024.pdf 1 A229CEFC08948C60324032D7D918708A bd06808808be2d58b7242f1b5885fbbad0daa4ab941d09e931610be31d4e6c8a cc31affb-84b0-11ef-b89f-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=186300 Fakulteta za kmetijstvo in biosistemske vede 0 0 0