20.500.12556/DKUM-90379 Pojavnost tehnopatij pri kravah molznicah na slovenskih kmetijah magistrsko delo Occurrence of technopathies in dairy cows on slovenian farms V raziskavi smo ocenjevali razširjenost tehnopatij, torej poškodb ali bolezni, ki so nastale zaradi neustrezne hlevske opreme, vključno z ležalnimi površinami, na slovenskih kmetijah. Naključno smo izbrali 16 kmetij znotraj štajerske regije. Na kmetijah so redili med 30 in 120 krav molznic, ki so bile črno-bele in lisaste pasme ali pa so bile križanke. Krave molznice so bile nameščene v prosti reji, razlikovale so se le ležalne in hodne površine. Na izbranih kmetijah so skupaj redili 881 krav molznic, ki smo jih vključili v raziskavo. Od teh je bilo 720 nameščenih v rejah z visokimi ležalnimi boksi, 161 pa v rejah z globokimi ležalnimi boksi. Tla z rešetkami so predstavljala pohodno površino za kar 521 živali na 7 kmetijah, medtem ko so bila za 360 krav izmed 9 preostalih kmetij zagotovljena polna tla. Ocena tehnopatij je vključevala vrsto in velikost poškodbe, obenem pa smo ocenili tudi kondicijo živali. Rezultate kontrole prireje mleka smo pridobili s portala Govedo.si, in sicer iz mlečnih kontrol po metodologiji AT4 (ICAR), ki so bile najbližje datumu ocenjevanja živali v rejah. Tehnopatije smo ugotovili kar pri 60,4 % krav molznic na preučevanih kmetijah. Razširjenost tehnopatij je bila večja pri starejših živalih, prav tako pa je bilo prisotnih več tehnopatij pri kravah, ki so bile v slabši telesni kondiciji. Krave s tehnopatijami niso imele manjše mlečnosti ali spremenjene sestave mleka. Tehnopatije pri kravah molznicah so bile v tej raziskavi bolj razširjene kot ugotavljajo v drugih raziskavah. Rezultati nakazujejo, da so boljše molznice bolj nagnjene k tehnopatijam. Razširjenost tehnopatij je manjša v rejah z globokimi ležalnimi boksi. Potrebne so nadaljnje raziskave, ki bi spremljale zdravje in prirejo krav molznic skozi daljše obdobje. In the research, we assessed the prevalence of technopathies, i.e. injuries or diseases caused by inadequate stable equipment, including lying surfaces, on Slovenian farms. We randomly selected 16 farms within the Styrian region. The farms kept between 30 and 120 dairy cows, which were black and white, and Simmenthal breeds or crossbreds. Freestalls (cubicles) housing system was used on all farms, only the resting (lying) surfaces and walking surfaces differed. A total of 881 dairy cows were reared on the selected farms, which were included in the research. Of these, 720 were housed in farms with high-freestalls (rubber on the concrete surface) and 161 with deep (generously) bedded freestalls. The walking surfaces on 7 farms (521 animals) were slatted floors, while the other 360 cows on 9 farms had solid concrete floors as the walking surface. We assessed the prevalence of technopathies according to the type and size of the injury, while also recording the condition of the animals. We obtained the production data from the Govedo.si portal, from the milk recordings according to the AT4 method (ICAR), closest to the date of farm visits (evaluation of cows for technopathies). Technopathies were found in as many as 60.4% of dairy cows on the studied farms. The prevalence of technopathies was higher in older animals, and more technopathies were also present in cows that were in poorer body condition. The presence of technopathies did not reduce milk yield (best-yielding cows tended to be more affected) or influence milk composition. Technopathies in dairy cows are more common than we expected. The results suggest that better milk-yielding dairy cows are more prone to technopathies. The prevalence of technopathies is lower in farms with deep-lying boxes. Further research is needed to monitor the health and performance of dairy cows over a longer period. tehnopatije govedo prosta reja poškodbe dobrobit technopathies cattle freestall injuries welfare true true false D. Slatinek Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2024-09-02 09:38:34 2024-10-07 15:12:38 2024-10-08 03:11:27 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 Maribor 0 Maribor 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (VIII, 63 str.)) 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 636.2.09:631.22:636.2.083.1(043)=163.6 210546691 MAG_Slatinek_David_2024.pdf MAG_Slatinek_David_2024.pdf 1 32B5FBCE0049735D4407B6CE689785EF e51b86641457318fcc9e7a0172d2f8955064525e8ac34dac67daa559743b87aa abfed17d-70db-11ef-93e7-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=184998 Fakulteta za kmetijstvo in biosistemske vede 0 0 0