20.500.12556/DKUM-90704 The analysis of e-liquids a study on chemical diversity and metal content using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry This work aimed to determine the chemical composition of 22 e-liquids available on the Slovenian market. Four different gas chromatography (GC) sample introduction techniques; headspace-GC-mass spectrometry (HS-GC-MS), liquid injection-GC-MS (LI-GC-MS), HS-solid-phase microextraction-GC-MS (HS-SPME-GC-MS), and direct-immersion-SPME-GC-MS (DI-SPME-GC-MS) were employed for qualitative analysis. Various experimental parameters were assessed for each GC sample introduction technique to maximize compound identification. Despite e-liquid packaging reporting a maximum of eight compounds, GC-MS identified more compounds in most samples, especially in menthol-flavored (58 identifiable compounds by HS-SPME-GC-MS), followed by nicotine-containing and fruit-flavored samples. HS-SPME-GC-MS identified the highest number of compounds, followed by HS-GC-MS, DI-SPME-GC-MS, and LI-GC-MS. Nicotine quantification in six samples was performed by LI-GC-MS with dilution in methanol. Nicotine concentration in samples ranged from 16.5 ± 0.5 to 18.5 ± 0.4 mg/mL, which was below the declared concentration of 20 mg/mL. Additionally, quantitative analysis of metals in e-liquids was performed by inductively coupled plasma-MS after microwave-assisted wet acid digestion. Iron was the most abundant metal, with its content ranging from 0.024 to 0.354 µg/g. Barium, bismuth, copper, and tin were also determined in several e-liquids. e-liquids chromatography mass spectrometry e-tekočine mehanske lastnosti kromatografija masna spektrometrija true false true Wiley Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik https://analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/16159314 Članek v reviji 2024-09-17 03:53:04 2025-01-29 16:18:05 2026-04-02 08:35:33 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 0 16 str. št. 17, št. članka 2400443 let. 47 sep. 2024 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 2024-06-17 2024-08-24 2024-09-10 620.1 207573763 10.1002/jssc.202400443 1615-9314 J_of_Separation_Science_-_2024_-_Rantasa_-_The_analysis_of_e‐liquids__A_study_on_chemical_diversity_and_metal_content_using.pdf J_of_Separation_Science_-_2024_-_Rantasa_-_The_analysis_of_e‐liquids__A_study_on_chemical_diversity_and_metal_content_using.pdf 1 23F057B624181C1EA7EAF0A182744B17 71a6e8f52e8bc0f6c2320507d4d2c41dfe640700ae55cd8560ab24bb887ed494 5e441fe0-de54-11ef-9dfa-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=188293 https://analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jssc.202400443 0 0cd8a231-2e5e-11f1-884f-00155d0001a1 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=204994 Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo 0 0 0