20.500.12556/DKUM-90742 Obrambni mehanizmi družbe z omejeno odgovornostjo pred prevzemom magistrsko delo Defensive mechanisms of a limited liability company against takeover Magistrsko delo se osredotoča na problematiko prevzemne zakonodaje, pri čemer analizira, kako se lahko družba z omejeno odgovornostjo zaščiti pred prevzemi družbe. Prevzemna zakonodaja se osredotoča na javne in večje nejavne delniške družbe, ne pokriva pa tega vprašanja v kontekstu družbe z omejeno odgovornostjo. To izhaja iz več razlogov: družba z omejeno odgovornostjo ni tako pogosto tarča prevzemov kot delniška družba, poleg tega zakonodaja že predvideva predkupno pravico preostalih družbenikov pred tretjimi osebami, kar otežuje prevzem, nadalje gre pogosto za manjša družinska podjetja, kjer je prevzem skoraj nemogoč, dokler družbeniki sodelujejo, ter dejstvo, da imajo družbeniki v družbah z omejeno odgovornostjo prosto pot pri urejanju medsebojnih razmerij in upravljanja, zato se od njih pričakuje, da bodo sami zaščitili svoje interese. Zato mora družba z omejeno odgovornostjo, preden se sooči z možnostjo prevzema, tudi sama urediti postopke in mehanizme zaščite znotraj svoje družbene pogodbe. Družbi z omejeno odgovornost ravno njena pogodbena svoboda po samostojnem urejanju notranjih razmerij daje možnost, da sama uredi obrambo pred morebitnim prevzemom. Prevzem gospodarske družbe pomeni pridobitev zadostnega kapitalskega deleža v družbi, kar omogoča prevzemniku nadzor nad družbo in sprejemanje ključnih odločitev. V pravni teoriji in praksi ločimo prijateljske ali sporazumne prevzeme od sovražnih, kjer ciljna družba uporablja različne obrambne strategije, da bi otežila ali preprečila prevzem. Ti obrambni mehanizmi vključujejo strategije, ki zaščitijo družbo pred nezaželenimi prevzemi. Magistrsko delo preučuje obrambne mehanizme, ki jih lahko uporabi družba z omejeno odgovornostjo, zlasti v primerjavi z mehanizmi, ki so znani v okviru obrambe delniških družb. Tako se preuči obramba delniške družbe in morebitno preslikanje le-te na družbo z omejeno odgovornostjo. Delo analizira različne oblike obrambnih mehanizmov, ki so lahko vključeni v družbeno pogodbo družbe z omejeno odgovornostjo, med njimi predkupno pravico preostalih družbenikov, izključitev le-te v primeru iskanja »belega viteza«, potrebo po soglasju družbenikov ob prenosu poslovnega deleža, večkratna ali omejitev glasovalne pravice, pravico posameznega družbenika do imenovanja in odpoklica poslovodje, pridobivanje lastnih poslovnih deležev ter prodajo najvrednejšega premoženja družbe. Ti se v magistrskem delu primerjajo z avstrijsko in nemško zakonodajo ter analizirajo, kako bi se predlagani obrambni mehanizmi izkazali v teh državah. V zaključku magistrskega dela avtorica potrdi tezo, da lahko premišljeno oblikovani in ustrezno vključeni obrambni mehanizmi v družbeno pogodbo omogočajo družbi z omejeno odgovornostjo učinkovito zaščito pred sovražnimi prevzemi. Magistrsko delo predlaga tudi konkretne rešitve, kot so klavzule v družbeni pogodbi, ki bi družbenikom omogočile obrambo pred prevzemi. Delo prispeva k boljšemu razumevanju korporacijskega prava v povezavi s prevzemnim pravom in predstavlja pomemben vir za pravno prakso, saj ponuja konkretne možnosti za zaščito lastništva in stabilnosti v družbah z omejeno odgovornostjo. The master's thesis focuses on the issue of takeover legislation, analyzing how a limited liability company can protect itself against company takeovers. Takeover legislation primarily targets public and larger non-public joint-stock companies and does not address this issue in the context of a limited liability company. This is due to several reasons: a limited liability company is not as frequently targeted for takeovers as joint-stock companies; moreover, the legislation already provides for the right of first refusal for the remaining shareholders before third parties, which complicates takeovers, additionally, a limited liability company is often a smaller family-owned businesses where a takeover is almost impossible as long as the shareholders cooperate, and the fact that shareholders in a limited liability company have the freedom to regulate their internal relationships and management, meaning they are expected to protect their own interests. Therefore a limited liability company must establish its own procedures and protection mechanisms within its articles of association before facing the possibility of a takeover. The contractual freedom of a limited liability company to regulate internal relations allows it to also address its own defense against potential takeovers. A takeover of a company means acquiring a sufficient capital share in the company,, which allows the acquirer to control the company and make key decisions. In legal theory and practice, we distinguish between friendly or consensual takeovers and hostile takeovers, where the target company uses various defensive strategies to complicate or prevent the takeover. These defensive mechanisms include strategies that protect the company from unwanted takeovers. The master's thesis examines the defensive mechanisms that a limited liability company can use, particularly in comparison to mechanisms known within the defense of a joint-stock companies. It explores the defensive measures available to joint-stock companies and their possible adaptation to limited liability companies. The thesis analyzes various forms of defensive mechanisms that can be included in the articles of association of a limited liability company, such as the pre-emption rights of remaining shareholders, the exclusion of such a right in the case of seeking a »white knight«,, the need for shareholder consent for the transfer of shares, multiple or restricted voting rights, the right of individual shareholders to appoint and remove managers, acquiring own business shares, and selling the company's most valuable assets. These mechanisms are compared with Austrian and German legislation and analyzed to see how the proposed defensive measures would perform in these countries. In the conclusion of the thesis, the author confirms the thesis that carefully designed and properly incorporated defensive mechanisms in the articles of association can enable a limited liability company to effectively protect itself from hostile takeovers. The master's thesis also suggests specific solutions, such as clauses in the articles of association that would allow shareholders to defend against takeovers. The work contributes to a better understanding of corporate law in connection with takeover law and represents an important resource for legal practice, as it offers concrete options for protecting ownership and stability in limited liability companies. prevzem gospodarske družbe sovražni prevzem obrambni mehanizem ciljna družba družba z omejeno odgovornostjo družbena pogodba predkupna pravica prednostna pravica do nakupa novih osnovnih vložkov beli vitez omejitev prenosa poslovnega deleža glasovalna pravica pravica imenovanja in odpoklica poslovodje lastni poslovni deleži prodaja premoženja takeover hostile takeover defensive mechanism target company limited liability company articles of association right of first refusal pre-emptive right to purchase new capital contributions white knight restriction on transfer of business share voting rights right to appoint and remove managers own business shares sale of assets true true false E. Vervega Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Magistrsko delo/naloga 2024-09-18 21:07:33 2024-12-20 15:16:53 2024-12-21 03:14:33 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 Maribor 0 Maribor 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (VII, 59 str.)) 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 347.733(043.3) 220111363 MAG_Vervega_Eva_2024.pdf MAG_Vervega_Eva_2024.pdf 1 014016E4996A2188444D242F7EAC4853 4cf7ed3f384121fbe81c3b4597fe2f18679c5ac02be19c108549b33ea6e34636 c97febf7-7b28-11ef-b03d-00155d000105 https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=185865 Pravna fakulteta 0 0 0